IRRI’s drought stress research in rice with emphasis on roots: accomplishments over the last 50 years

IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Plant Root Pub Date : 2011-12-20 DOI:10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.92
A. Henry
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引用次数: 28

Abstract

Early recognition of the importance of roots for drought resistance, and the diversity in rice root architecture, provided a strong foundation for drought research at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). IRRI was founded in 1960, and large efforts for research on root growth in response to drought were ongoing by the mid-1970s, with an emphasis on deep root growth, formation of coarse nodal roots, and the root pulling force method. In the 1980s, aeroponic studies on root morphology and anatomy and line-source sprinkler field studies were commonly conducted. The use of crosses to better understand the genetics of root traits started in the 1980s. Further characterization of the genetics behind root traits was conducted in the 1990s, specifically the use of molecular markers to select for root trait QTLs. A shift toward rainfed lowland experiments in addition to upland conditions began in the 1990s, with increased recognition of the different types of drought stress environments and characterization of root water uptake. In the 2000s, drought breeding efforts moved from selection of root traits to direct selection for yield under drought. Today (the 2010s), we have identified two major drought-yield QTLs to be related to root traits, and phenotyping for association mapping of genes related to root traits and functions is underway. After direct selection for yield during the past decade that is now approaching impact at the farm level, we are seeing that root traits are indeed involved in improved yield under drought.
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国际水稻研究所的干旱胁迫研究,重点是根系:过去50年的成就
早期认识到根系对抗旱性的重要性,以及水稻根系结构的多样性,为国际水稻研究所(IRRI)的干旱研究提供了坚实的基础。IRRI成立于1960年,到20世纪70年代中期,对根系生长对干旱的响应进行了大量的研究,重点是深根生长、粗节根的形成和根系拉力法。20世纪80年代,普遍进行了根形态解剖的气耕研究和线源喷灌的田间研究。利用杂交来更好地了解根系性状的遗传学始于20世纪80年代。在20世纪90年代,对根系性状背后的遗传学进行了进一步的表征,特别是利用分子标记选择根系性状qtl。随着对不同类型干旱胁迫环境和根系水分吸收特征的认识增加,在20世纪90年代开始,除了在高地条件下进行试验外,还转向雨养低地试验。在2000年代,干旱育种工作从选择根系性状转向直接选择干旱条件下的产量。今天(2010年代),我们已经确定了两个与根系性状相关的主要干旱产量qtl,根系性状和功能相关基因的关联图谱的表型分析正在进行中。在过去的十年中,产量的直接选择现在正在接近农场层面的影响,我们看到根系性状确实参与了干旱条件下产量的提高。
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来源期刊
Plant Root
Plant Root PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
2
期刊介绍: Plant Root publishes original papers, either theoretical or experimental, that provide novel insights into plant roots. The Journal’s subjects include, but are not restricted to, anatomy and morphology, cellular and molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, interactions with soil, mineral nutrients, water, symbionts and pathogens, food culture, together with ecological, genetic and methodological aspects related to plant roots and rhizosphere. Work at any scale, from the molecular to the community level, is welcomed.
期刊最新文献
Plant growth-enhancing traits of rhizobacteria isolated from brinjal, okra, and leaf mustard Development of a method for high-throughput quantitation of soil-surface roots of rice (Oryza sativa) and wild rice (O. glumaepatula) using an overhead scanner Acidic soil tolerance of sugarcane and Erianthus root assessed by cell membrane stability Strontium-induced mineral imbalance, cell death, and reactive oxygen species generation in Arabidopsis thaliana Genotypic variation in rice root system distribution and activity in response to short-term soil drought
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