Association between vascular and structural parameters by optical coherence tomography angiography in primary congenital glaucoma

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association of structural and vascular parameters using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (-A), in patients diagnosed with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Material and methods: 40 patients diagnosed with PCG were recruited (only one eye per patient was included). All study participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination. Peripapillary and macular vascular measurements were obtained using AngioplexTM OCTA with a 4.5×4.5mm optic nerve head scan and 6x6mm macular scan. Structural parameters were collected: circumpapillary Retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness (global and quadrants), ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex (GCL+IPL) thickness (average, minimum and sectors), rim area, average and vertical cup to disc (C/D) ratio and cup volume. Results: Global peripapillary values were: Mean flux index (FI) was 0.39 (0.05), mean perfusion density (pPD) was 42.57 (4.56) %, cpRNFL was 78.65 (22.50) microns, average c/p ratio (0.59 (0.18) and global GCL+IPL thickness was 71.71 (14.81) microns and minimum GCL+IPL thickness was 64.18 (18.63) microns. Statistical correlation was found between peripapillary structural, vascular and morphologic parameters (all p<0.023). Conclusion: OCTA measurements could offer useful and objective measurement of damage in early and severe congenital glaucoma, complementary to that offered by OCT.