FORECAST ESTIMATES OF YIELD AND INDIRECT PRODUCTION LOSSES OF MAIN AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN UKRAINE IN 2023 UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

S. Khalin, N. Maidanovych, R. Saidak, M. Novokhatskyi
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Abstract

Summary The purpose of the work is to highlight the results of forecasting the yield and production of the main agricultural crops in 2023 based on the operational data of remote agromonitoring and the assessment of indirect losses of the gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine under martial law. Methods and materials. Predictive estimates of the yield of agricultural crops are calculated on the basis of statistical data on their productivity for the period 2000-2022 and remote agricultural monitoring data (NDVI indices) on the state of crops in Ukraine in the spring of 2023. Standard methods of correlation-regression analysis were used to establish relationships between NDVI indicators and regional average yield values of the main field crops. Potential indirect production losses of the group of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine in 2023 were calculated based on the dynamics of the reduction of sowing and harvesting areas in the conditions of martial law and, accordingly, from the losses for the country’s agrarian sector due to the lack of potential profit from the sale of grain, estimated at domestic purchase prices. Results. According to estimates based on actual winter sowing volumes and spring sowing rates, the harvested area of grain and leguminous crops in 2023 is expected to be about 10.4 million hectares. The average yield of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine as a whole is predicted with a probability of 80-85% at the level of 47-49 t/ha, which according to preliminary estimates is close to last year’s value and the average indicators of the pre-war level. At the same time, the gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops is expected at the level of 48.4-50.5 million tons, compared to the average pre-war level of 75 million tons. That is, the losses from military aggression only for the loss of production of this group of crops currently reach about 25-24 million tons or more than UAH 150 billion. Conclusions. Military aggression against Ukraine will have negative consequences for the cultivation of agricultural crops in 2023, mainly due to the shortage of mineral fertilizers, pesticides and other means of production, the general reduction of sown areas and a number of other negative economic consequences, however, the projected production volumes of grain crops are currently sufficient to ensure needs of the Ukrainian population.
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在戒严令条件下,2023年乌克兰主要农作物产量和间接生产损失的预测估计
本工作旨在重点介绍基于远程农业监测运行数据和评估戒严令下乌克兰粮食和豆科作物总产收间接损失的2023年主要农作物产量和产量预测结果。方法和材料。农作物产量的预测估计是根据2000-2022年期间农作物生产力的统计数据和乌克兰2023年春季作物状况的远程农业监测数据(NDVI指数)计算的。采用标准的相关回归分析方法建立NDVI指标与区域主要大田作物平均产量之间的关系。2023年乌克兰谷物和豆科作物组的潜在间接生产损失是根据戒严条件下播种和收获面积减少的动态情况计算的,因此,根据国内收购价格估计的粮食销售缺乏潜在利润对该国农业部门造成的损失计算的。结果。根据实际冬播量和春播率估算,2023年粮食和豆科作物收获面积预计约为1040万公顷。预计乌克兰谷物和豆科作物的平均产量在47-49吨/公顷的水平上有80-85%的可能性,根据初步估计,这接近去年的值和战前水平的平均指标。与此同时,谷物和豆科作物的总收成预计为4840万至5050万吨,而战前的平均水平为7500万吨。也就是说,军事侵略造成的损失,仅是这类作物的产量损失,目前就达到2500 - 2400万吨,超过1500亿阿联酋元。结论。对乌克兰的军事侵略将对2023年的农作物种植产生不利影响,主要原因是矿物肥料、农药和其他生产资料短缺,播种面积普遍减少,以及其他一些不利的经济后果,然而,目前预计的粮食作物产量足以确保乌克兰人口的需求。
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