Influence of the intramedullary nail locking method on the stiffness of the bone-implant system

Abstract

Purpose: Bone fractures are one of the most commonly seen problems in veterinary traumatology. The authors of this study strive to find a new intramedullary nail, which is intended for treating femoral bone fractures for canine patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze biomechanical parameters of the intramedullary nails, which use a new bolt system concept. Methods: Dissected femoral bones of a large breed dog were cut in order to simulate interfragmentary gap, and then the bones were stabilized using intramedullary nail with locking bolts. Bone-nail systems were subjected to cyclic loading using force which corresponds to the load on the femoral bone in the first few days after surgery. Micro-CT scans were taken of the bone samples around implant in order to determine deformation and structural parameters of bone tissue. Results: The calculation of the bone-nail system stiffness was done through analysis of the force displacement curves recorded during experimental studies. Using monocortical locking bolts resulted in smaller stiffness of the bone-nail system than using bicortical locking bolts. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study can indicate that the intramedullary nail could work well when used for treatment of bone fractures in dogs. The authors focused on using monocortical bolts which provides good stability and adequate biomechanical environment. Described fixation method is easily adjustable to a particular patient individual parameters.