Vplyv reliéfu na rozloženie atmosferických zrážok na Slovensku pri južných cyklonálnych situáciách

Abstract

The effect of relief on the distribution of atmospheric precipitation in Slovakia in the southern cyclonic situations This article is focused on identifying windward and leeward places in the territory of Slovakia during southern cyclonic situations. These places arise due to relief that affects the distribution of precipitation by altitude and orientation to southern flow. Southern flows are an important source of moisture for southern Slovakia. Based on precipitation sums of all the rainfall gauges during the days with the southern cyclonic situations the precipitation fields were interpolated for the period 1991 - 2017. Using the created windward index, windward and leeward places on precipitation fields were mapped out. Based on the map outputs, the effect of the relief was analyzed on the wettest and driest places. It was found out that the most rainfall falls in the moun- tains in the southern part of central Slovakia. The results were compared with the predictions ALADIN and the ECMWF models and the precipitation field from the selected synoptic situation. The achieved results have been confirmed. Research results have practical uses in several areas, particularly in meteorology, hydrology and agriculture. cyclonic situations. It has been found that, in general, during southern cyclonic situa- tions there are strongly windward places such as in the Tatry mountains, Nízke Tatry mountains and Kremnické vrchy mountains. Strongly leeward places are in all Slovakian lowlands, the northwestern part of Slovakia, the Oravská kotlina basin and the Podtatranská kotlina basin in northern Slovakia. The results were compared with prediction models and real measured data. Comparing the results achieved by our methodology with the results of the predictive models ALADIN, ECMWF and the rainfall totals that fell during the south- eastern cyclonic situation SEc from October 15 to October 19, 2015 it was confirmed that windward and leeward places are similar. The results could be used in practice for meteorologists, hydrologists or farmers. By using the map, meteorologists can more accurately determine locations for which a warning will be issued before high rainfall in the expected south cyclone situation. Hydrologists can more accurately locate river basins that are at risk of rising water levels or floods, and expect an increase in snow cover in the winter season. The south of our country is an important agricultural area, and the water in this part of Slovakia is dependent on the precipitation that fell during the southern cyclonic situations. is why topic future.