Melissopalynology of Coffea arabica honey produced by the stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811) from Alajuela, Costa Rica

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY AIMS Agriculture and Food Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.3934/agrfood.2023043
E. Moreno, P. Vit, I. Aguilar, O. Barth
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Abstract

Tetragonisca angustula is the most widespread stingless bee species, from Mexico to Northern Argentina. It is called Mariola in Costa Rica. Native plant species offering food resources and nesting sites to stingless bees are included in reforestation and conservation programs. In Costa Rica there are continuous initiatives on listing flora supporting meliponiculture. In this study, a sample of pot-honey was collected from sealed honey pots within nests of Tetragonisca angustula in Alajuela, Costa Rica. It was acetolyzed following standard methods and the pollen types were visualized by microscopic analysis at 200X magnification using a Nikon Eclipse Ni binocular scope. Electronic brightfield micro-photographs were obtained at 1000X magnification and pollen types were plated. Palynological descriptions were provided for major pollen grains. The botanical identifications of plant families and genera were established by comparison with pollen atlases and were validated consulting the 2022 Tropicos Missouri Botanical Garden database. Seventy-nine pollen types were recognized in the pollen spectrum, representing 36 families and 67 genera of flowering plants. Their habits were trees (51%), lianas/vine (11%), herbs (19%), herb/tree (5%), shrubs (5%), shrub/tree (1%) and not assigned (8%). This assemblage indicated the presence of lowland tropical forest elements, probably small relicts of secondary forest surrounding open and cultivated areas where Coffea arabica pollen dominated in the honey pollen spectrum with 54.3% of total counts, with secondary Paullinia sp. 8.7%, Vochysia sp. 4.8% and Cassia sp. 4.2% and 95% of pollen taxa present in < 3% relative frequency. Taxa offering only pollen (polleniferous) were considered honey contaminants (32%) not explaining the nectar botanical origin of honey.
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来自哥斯达黎加阿拉胡埃拉的无刺蜜蜂Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811)生产的阿拉比卡咖啡蜂蜜的Melissopalynology
Tetragonisca angustula是分布最广的无刺蜜蜂,从墨西哥到阿根廷北部。它在哥斯达黎加被称为Mariola。为无刺蜜蜂提供食物资源和筑巢地点的本地植物物种被纳入了重新造林和保护计划。在哥斯达黎加,不断采取措施列出支持meliponiculture的植物。在这项研究中,从哥斯达黎加Alajuela的Tetragonisca angustula巢穴内的密封蜂蜜罐中收集了罐蜜样本。按标准方法乙酰化,用尼康Eclipse Ni双筒显微镜在200倍放大镜下观察花粉类型。在1000倍放大镜下获得电子明场显微照片,并镀上花粉类型。对主要花粉粒进行了孢粉学描述。通过与花粉地图集的比较,建立了植物科和属的植物学鉴定,并参考2022 Tropicos Missouri植物园数据库进行了验证。花粉谱共鉴定出79种花粉类型,分别属于开花植物36科67属。它们的习性为乔木(51%)、藤本植物/藤本植物(11%)、草本植物(19%)、草本植物/乔木(5%)、灌木(5%)、灌木/乔木(1%)和未分配(8%)。该组合表明存在低地热带森林元素,可能是开放和耕地周围次生林的小遗迹,其中小咖啡花粉在蜂蜜花粉谱中占主导地位,占总数的54.3%,次生林花粉占8.7%,桃红花粉占4.8%,决明子花粉占4.2%,花粉类群占95%,相对频率< 3%。仅提供花粉的分类群被认为是蜂蜜污染物(32%),不能解释蜂蜜的花蜜植物来源。
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来源期刊
AIMS Agriculture and Food
AIMS Agriculture and Food AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
34
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: AIMS Agriculture and Food covers a broad array of topics pertaining to agriculture and food, including, but not limited to:  Agricultural and food production and utilization  Food science and technology  Agricultural and food engineering  Food chemistry and biochemistry  Food materials  Physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of agricultural and food products  Agriculture and the environment  Biorefineries in agricultural and food systems  Food security and novel alternative food sources  Traceability and regional origin of agricultural and food products  Authentication of food and agricultural products  Food safety and food microbiology  Waste reduction in agriculture and food production and processing  Animal science, aquaculture, husbandry and veterinary medicine  Resources utilization and sustainability in food and agricultural production and processing  Horticulture and plant science  Agricultural economics.
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