The interactive effects of fertilizer and water stress on plant growth, leaf gas exchange and nutrient uptake on strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch)

IF 1.6 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.3934/environsci.2021038

Yenni, M. H. Ibrahim, R. Nulit, S. Sakimin

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) has a large number of nutrients, which are useful for human health. In Indonesia, water stress is one of the climate changes that affect the growth and quality of strawberry. Therefore, fast recovery can be crucial to adjusting crops to water stress. Additional fertilizers can alleviate the negative impact of water stress. The experiment was carried out to determine the best fertilizer sources for the growth, leaf gas exchange, and nutrient uptake of strawberry under water-stressed conditions in April 2019–August 2019. The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replications and four fertilizer sources (P1 = without fertilizer, P2 = 92:90:90 kg/ha Nitrogen:Phosphorus:Potassium (NPK) fertilizer, P3 = 20 kg/ha goat dung fertilizer, P4 = 46:45:45 kg/ha NPK fertilizer + 10 kg/ha goat dung fertilizer) and water stress levels (W1 = daily irrigation 100% field capacity (FC); W2 = 2 days irrigation interval (Ⅱ) 75% FC; W3 = 6 Ⅱ 75% FC). It was observed that the interaction of different water stress and fertilizer sources had a significant effect on all parameters except in the total sugar of strawberry fruits. The results indicate that plant growth, leaf gas exchange and nutrient uptake decreased under water stress conditions whereas total proline, total sugar, and water use efficiency (WUE) enhanced. The maximum value of plant height, leaves number, shoot-root fresh weight, shoot-root dry weight, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, nitrogen content and phosphorus content were obtained from the application of 46:45:45 kg/ha NPK fertilizer + 10 kg/ha goat dung fertilizer at 2 days Ⅱ 75% FC. Application of NPK and goat dung fertilizers increased the growth and leaf gas exchange under water stress conditions. Plants that were not fertilized had the lowest growth compared to those with fertilizers.

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肥、水胁迫对草莓生长、叶片气体交换和养分吸收的互作效应

草莓(Fragaria x ananassa Duch)含有大量的营养物质，对人体健康有益。在印度尼西亚，水分胁迫是影响草莓生长和质量的气候变化之一。因此，快速恢复对作物适应水分胁迫至关重要。额外的肥料可以减轻水分胁迫的负面影响。本试验于2019年4月~ 2019年8月进行，旨在确定水分胁迫条件下草莓生长、叶片气体交换和养分吸收的最佳肥料来源。试验采用全因子随机区组设计(RCBD)，设3个重复，4个施肥源(P1 =不施肥，P2 = 92:90:90 kg/ hm2氮磷钾(NPK)肥，P3 = 20 kg/ hm2羊粪肥，P4 = 46:45:45 kg/ hm2 NPK肥+ 10 kg/ hm2羊粪肥)和水分胁迫水平(W1 =日灌溉100%田间容量(FC);W2 = 2天灌溉间隔(Ⅱ)75% FC;W3 = 6Ⅱ75% fc)。结果表明，不同水分胁迫和肥源的交互作用对草莓果实除总糖外的其他参数均有显著影响。结果表明，水分胁迫降低了植物生长、叶片气体交换和养分吸收，提高了总脯氨酸、总糖和水分利用效率。以46:45:45 kg/ hm2氮磷钾+ 10 kg/ hm2羊粪肥处理2 dⅡ75% FC时，株高、叶片数、茎根鲜重、茎根干重、光合速率、叶绿素含量、氮含量和磷含量最高。氮磷钾和羊粪肥的施用促进了水分胁迫条件下植株的生长和叶片气体交换。与施用肥料的植物相比，未施用肥料的植物生长最低。

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