{"title":"Mutuality and solidarity in healthcare in South Africa","authors":"H. McLeod","doi":"10.4314/SAAJ.V5I1.24507","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses Wilkie's definitions of mutuality and solidarity to review the history of private healthcare in South Africa. The vision for a future unified national healthcare system is given and the phases of reform are outlined. The first phase of reforms has been completed and these are contextualised in terms of a return to solidarity principles. The elements of a planned social healthinsurance system are described and it is shown how income cross-subsidies will further entrench the principles of solidarity. In the past, healthcare actuaries largely supported mutuality principles. The implications for the actuarial profession are suggested. Keywords : healthcare, medical schemes, social solidarity, community rating, minimum benefits, social health insurance, risk equalisation South African Actuarial Journal Vol. 5 2005: 135–167","PeriodicalId":40732,"journal":{"name":"South African Actuarial Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1000,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"33","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"South African Actuarial Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4314/SAAJ.V5I1.24507","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BUSINESS, FINANCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
Abstract
This paper uses Wilkie's definitions of mutuality and solidarity to review the history of private healthcare in South Africa. The vision for a future unified national healthcare system is given and the phases of reform are outlined. The first phase of reforms has been completed and these are contextualised in terms of a return to solidarity principles. The elements of a planned social healthinsurance system are described and it is shown how income cross-subsidies will further entrench the principles of solidarity. In the past, healthcare actuaries largely supported mutuality principles. The implications for the actuarial profession are suggested. Keywords : healthcare, medical schemes, social solidarity, community rating, minimum benefits, social health insurance, risk equalisation South African Actuarial Journal Vol. 5 2005: 135–167