Methods and procedure of referenced in situ control of lateral contour displacements in additive manufacturing

IF 0.8 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.5194/jsss-10-219-2021
Martin Lerchen, Jakob Hornung, Yu Zou, T. Hausotte
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract. Additive manufacturing technologies are further developing from prototype to serial production. This trend requires rising challenges to the process-accompanying quality assurance. Optical in situ quality control approaches show great potential to generate accurate measurement data, which are essential for feedback control. If a reliable referencing concept for the layer-by-layer measured data is guaranteed, contour information can be used during the manufacturing to correct occurring geometrical deviations. Within this scientific study, two methods of optical, referenced in situ control of lateral displacements of additive manufactured contours are presented. In the first approach the 2-D contour of the melting pool is analysed in relation to a position-stable reference system implemented in the powder bed. The second approach uses the translucent contour of deeper layers covered with powder as a reference. Within the image evaluation several pre-processing steps like calibration, undistortion, rectification, illumination correction and low-pass filtering are essential for reliable and correct geometric measurements. The following adapted contour detection and position determination of the referenced melting pool contours are based on an extended edge detection algorithm according to Canny (1986). With the evaluation of further manufacturing layers of already lowered powder bed levels, it is possible to specify the influence of powder application on geometrical displacements separately. This is done by a comparison of the position of the detected powder-covered melting pool contours with the previously applied melted region. Consequently a better understanding of lateral contour displacements within the additive manufacturing process is the goal, which is important for a process-accompanying correction of geometrical deviations.
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增材制造中横向轮廓位移参考原位控制方法和程序
摘要增材制造技术正从原型向批量生产进一步发展。这种趋势要求对伴随质量保证的过程提出越来越多的挑战。光学原位质量控制方法显示出产生精确测量数据的巨大潜力,这对反馈控制至关重要。如果保证了逐层测量数据的可靠参考概念,则可以在制造过程中使用轮廓信息来纠正发生的几何偏差。在这项科学研究中,提出了两种光学的、参考的增材制造轮廓横向位移的原位控制方法。在第一种方法中,分析了熔池的二维轮廓与在粉末床中实现的位置稳定参考系统的关系。第二种方法使用覆盖着粉末的深层半透明轮廓作为参考。在图像评估的几个预处理步骤,如校准,不失真,整流,照明校正和低通滤波是必不可少的可靠和正确的几何测量。根据Canny(1986)的一种扩展边缘检测算法,对参照熔池轮廓进行了以下调整轮廓检测和位置确定。通过对已经降低的粉末床水平的进一步制造层的评估,可以单独指定粉末应用对几何位移的影响。这是通过将检测到的粉末覆盖的熔池轮廓的位置与先前应用的熔化区域进行比较来完成的。因此,在增材制造过程中更好地理解横向轮廓位移是目标,这对于伴随过程的几何偏差校正非常重要。
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来源期刊
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
23 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems (JSSS) is an international open-access journal dedicated to science, application, and advancement of sensors and sensors as part of measurement systems. The emphasis is on sensor principles and phenomena, measuring systems, sensor technologies, and applications. The goal of JSSS is to provide a platform for scientists and professionals in academia – as well as for developers, engineers, and users – to discuss new developments and advancements in sensors and sensor systems.
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