Mobility haunted by class? Book review: Stepping Into the Elite: Trajectories of Social Achievement in India, France, and the United States by Jules Naudet. Oxford University Press, 2018

Q3 Social Sciences Szociologiai Szemle Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.51624/szocszemle.2021.3.7
Z. Arendas
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Abstract

Social mobility is a fascinating terrain of sociological investigations; nevertheless, a complex study on the narratives of protagonists of such ‘journeys’ is even more intriguing due to the insiders’ gaze, and how it informs the existing scholarship on the organizing principles and boundary-making processes of a society. In the age of polices brutalities against Afro Americans and the following Black Lives Matter movement in the US, last year’s Yellow vest protests in France, or the resurgent outcries of Dalit activists and the related street fights in Delhi and other Indian cities triggered by the physical brutalities of upper class men against Dalit women, prove that the theme is more relevant than ever. The French sociologist, Naudet’s book analyzes narratives of social mobility of individuals who experienced first-generation steep upward mobility, moving from ’rugs to the riches’ in three national contexts. India, France and the US, represent three different types of social stratification, understandings on class and mobility: these are presented in the book as a closed society (India), a class society (France) and an open society (the US) based on the structure of a society and the (non-)permeability of its class borders. Departing from Durkheim’s (1952) thoughts on anomie, a concept describing consequences of a sudden social change and Sorokin’s (1927) ideas that rapid social mobility leads to identity crisis and mental disorders, Naudet critically investigates diverse narratives of social mobility. For the author of the book, the main question is to obtain a better understanding of the individual coping strategies of success related to upward social mobility, rather than focusing merely on the tensions, identity crisis and costs of social mobility, this way broadening his research interest into new directions.
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受阶级困扰的流动性?书评:《步入精英阶层:印度、法国和美国社会成就的轨迹》,作者:朱尔斯·诺德。牛津大学出版社,2018年
社会流动性是社会学研究的一个引人入胜的领域;然而,对这种“旅程”的主角叙事的复杂研究更加有趣,因为局内人的目光,以及它如何告知现有的关于社会组织原则和边界制定过程的学术研究。在警察对非裔美国人施暴以及随后美国“黑人的命也重要”(Black Lives Matter)运动的时代,去年法国的“黄背心”抗议活动,以及德里和印度其他城市达利特活动人士的死灰复燃,以及由上层社会男性对达利特女性的身体暴力引发的相关街头斗殴,都证明了这一主题比以往任何时候都更有意义。法国社会学家Naudet的书分析了在三个国家背景下经历了第一代急剧上升的个人社会流动性的叙述,从“地毯到富人”。印度、法国和美国代表了三种不同类型的社会分层、对阶级和流动性的理解:在书中,基于社会结构和阶级边界的(非)渗透性,它们被呈现为封闭社会(印度)、阶级社会(法国)和开放社会(美国)。从迪尔凯姆(1952)关于社会反常的思想(一个描述突然的社会变化的后果的概念)和索罗金(1927)关于快速的社会流动导致身份危机和精神障碍的观点,诺德批判性地研究了社会流动的各种叙述。对于本书的作者来说,主要问题是更好地理解与向上社会流动相关的个人成功应对策略,而不是仅仅关注社会流动的紧张关系、身份危机和成本,这样可以拓宽他的研究兴趣到新的方向。
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来源期刊
Szociologiai Szemle
Szociologiai Szemle Social Sciences-Social Sciences (all)
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