DETERMINANTS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a glucose tolerance disorder that first appears during pregnancy. GDM can cause a variety of obstetric and perinatal complications for pregnant women and their fetuses. The prevalence of GDM in the city of Surabaya in 2015 amounted to 2.29%, increasing to 3.88% in 2018. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants (family history of diabetes mellitus, BMI, history of birth weight, parity, and the age of the pregnant woman) that influence the GDM. Methods: This research is an analytical study with an observational approach. The research design was carried out using a case-control study. In this study, the number of samples was 36 people, 6 cases, and 30 people as controls, and were taken randomly. The data source obtained from secondary data (medical records of pregnant women) at Mulyorejo Health Center Surabaya. The analysis used in this study was a simple logistic regression test. Results and Discussion: The result showed an effect of a family history of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.035) on the incidence of GDM. Parity was a potential variable (p = 0.077) on the incidence of GDM. Meanwhile, BMI, history of birth weight, and mother's age did not affect the incidence of GDM. Conclusion: Pregnant women with a family history of diabetes who are not balanced with maintaining a good lifestyle can experience complications of developing GDM.