Understory structure and heterospecifics influence the occupancy of a ground-nesting species of conservation concern, the Canada Warbler

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Avian Conservation and Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.5751/ace-02079-170120
G. Dimmig, Christopher T. Rota, P. Wood, Christopher M Lituma
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

. Forest structure and composition in eastern U.S. forests are changing because of forest regeneration after farmland abandonment, less frequent occurrence of severe disturbances, and climate change. Some of these changes may disproportionally affect birds that rely on gap dynamics or other forest canopy disturbances to create understory habitat. The Canada Warbler ( Cardellina canadensis ) is one such understory specialist that has undergone consistent declines. We assessed environmental and interspecific factors associated with Canada Warbler space use in its southern breeding distribution to understand potential causes of population declines and inform conservation efforts. We evaluated Canada Warbler occupancy from 840 point count surveys conducted in 2017 and 2018 at 470 unique locations (79% of locations surveyed in both years) throughout Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia, USA. We modeled Canada Warbler occupancy probability as a function of environmental variables and included Black-throated Blue Warbler ( Setophaga caerulescens ) and Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus ) as interacting species because all three species exhibit similar habitat preferences. Canada Warblers were most likely to occur in areas with rhododendron ( Rhododendron maximum ) density > 0.27 stems/ m² and within 3 m of riparian areas (streams and wetlands). They were also more likely to occur in mid-elevation (highest occupancy at 930 m) northern hardwood forests when Black-throated Blue Warblers were also present. Black-throated Blue Warblers were most likely to occupy mid-elevation sites with high shrub density, whereas Hermit Thrushes were more likely to occupy high-elevation, old-age forests. Potential management actions could focus on conserving riparian areas in northern hardwood forests, especially those with dense rhododendron thickets. Such potential actions could also be beneficial across the entire elevation range we explored within the region (500–1300 m). Canada Warblers may be benefiting from the recent spread of rhododendron habitats and northern hardwood forest types within West Virginia. feuillus du nord en Virginie-Occidentale.
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林下结构和异质性影响了一种保护关注的地面筑巢物种,加拿大林莺的占用
. 美国东部森林的结构和组成正在发生变化,原因是撂荒后的森林更新、严重干扰的发生频率降低以及气候变化。其中一些变化可能会不成比例地影响依赖林隙动态或其他林冠扰动来创造林下栖息地的鸟类。加拿大林莺(Cardellina canadensis)就是这样一种经历了持续衰退的林下植物专家。我们评估了与加拿大林莺南部繁殖分布中空间使用相关的环境和种间因素,以了解种群减少的潜在原因,并为保护工作提供信息。我们从2017年和2018年在美国西弗吉尼亚州莫农加希拉国家森林的470个不同地点(占两年内调查地点的79%)进行的840点计数调查中评估了加拿大林莺的占用情况。我们将加拿大莺的占据概率建模为环境变量的函数,并将黑喉蓝莺(Setophaga caerulescens)和寄居鸟(Catharus guttatus)作为相互作用的物种,因为这三种物种都表现出相似的栖息地偏好。加拿大林莺最容易出现在杜鹃(杜鹃最大)密度为0.27枝/ m²的地区和河岸(溪流和湿地)3 m范围内。它们也更有可能发生在中高海拔(最高占用在930米)的北方阔叶林中,那里也有黑喉蓝莺。黑喉蓝莺最可能栖息在灌木密度高的中高海拔地区,而寄居鸟更可能栖息在高海拔的老森林。潜在的管理行动可以集中在保护北部阔叶林的河岸地区,特别是那些有茂密杜鹃花灌丛的地区。这些潜在的行动也可能对我们在该地区探索的整个海拔范围(500-1300米)有益。加拿大林莺可能受益于最近在西弗吉尼亚州杜鹃花栖息地和北方阔叶林类型的传播。西维吉尼亚州北部的feuillus
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来源期刊
Avian Conservation and Ecology
Avian Conservation and Ecology BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ORNITHOLOGY
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Avian Conservation and Ecology is an open-access, fully electronic scientific journal, sponsored by the Society of Canadian Ornithologists and Birds Canada. We publish papers that are scientifically rigorous and relevant to the bird conservation community in a cost-effective electronic approach that makes them freely available to scientists and the public in real-time. ACE is a fully indexed ISSN journal that welcomes contributions from scientists all over the world. While the name of the journal implies a publication niche of conservation AND ecology, we think the theme of conservation THROUGH ecology provides a better sense of our purpose. As such, we are particularly interested in contributions that use a scientifically sound and rigorous approach to the achievement of avian conservation as revealed through insights into ecological principles and processes. Papers are expected to fall along a continuum of pure conservation and management at one end to more pure ecology at the other but our emphasis will be on those contributions with direct relevance to conservation objectives.
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