Impediments in Healthy Ageing: AShort Review

Abstract

Background: The influence of shared genetic vulnerability is well-known in the development of alcohol use disorder. However, there is a dearth of studies on shared environments. Hence, the present study aimed to ascertain the influence of shared environments in the development of alcohol use disorder. Aim: To examine the influence of adverse childhood experiences, parental bonding, and temperament in the development of alcohol use disorder. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were followed. Studies were identified through search engines such as PubMed, Embase, and PsychInfo, CINAHL databases. Peer-reviewed articles in English published during 2000 - 2021 were included for the review. Results: About 47 articles were considered for the scoping review. Shared environmental factors such as adverse childhood experiences or childhood trauma within 18 years of life, novelty, adventureseeking, cyclothymia, and immediate need for gratification contribute to alcohol use disorder development. Positive parenting is associated with a lower incidence of AUD. Conclusion: Understanding the influence of shared environments and providing tailor-made psycho-social interventions would reduce the risk and prevent alcohol use disorder development.. Keywords: Temperament, parental bonding, adverse childhood consequences. How to cite: Dwivedi, R. (2021). Impediments in Healthy Ageing: A Short Review. Journal of Psychosocial Wellbeing, 2(2):17-20. Quick Response Code This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Website : www.jpsw.co.in Access this Article online DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.55242/JPSW.2021.2204 Abstract Background: Healthy and active ageing is one of the prime concerns of psychologists and other mental health professionals. Ageing process can be defined as a natural process leading to generalized disability of functions and failure of adaptive response to stress in the longer run. It makes the individual more prone for any age-related disease. Specific age-related changes like fatigue weak muscles are observed with considerable regularity across time and place because they are developmental. Aim:The objective of this article is to explore the complexities and challenges of healthy ageing with a major focus on cognitive impairments and dysfunctions. Methods: All the review articles related to healthy ageing were reviewed in detail. Articles were identified through search engines such as PubMed, Embase, and PsychInfo databases. Peer-reviewed articles published during 2002 - 2021 were included for the review. Results: Ageing contributes to bring about a number of changes in different aspects of human life as in ones behavior, attitude, intelligence, ability, physical capacity and maturity. Studies have reported that between 2015 and 2050, the proportion of the world's elderly population is estimated to almost double from about 12% to 22%. The report also states that there is an expected increase from 900 million to 2 billion people over the age of 60. Older people face special physical and mental health challenges which need to be recognized and attended. Conclusion: There are a number of risk factors that can challenge the active ageing process and lead to certain physical and psychological disabilities. Cognitive impairment is one of the prime factors which affects the functioning of brain by causing memory problems, attention and orientation deficits, language issues etc. These problems are quite common among the elderly and may lead to a number of neuropsychological changes.