Mohd Khairul Zul Hasymi Firdaus, Piyanuch Jittanoon, Umaporn Boonyasopun, Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan
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Abstract
Background: Mobile health presents a promising alternative in the digital era. Mobile health apps (mHealth), when combined with the concept of self-management, are considered one of the methods for incorporating technology-based interventions into the healthcare system.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of mHealth (specifically, the Diabetic Care App) on foot care behavior, dietary behavior, foot condition, and fasting blood glucose levels among patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A single randomized controlled trial was conducted at a government-run primary clinic in Northern Malaysia, involving 58 patients with uncontrolled diabetes who were assigned to two groups. The intervention group received the Diabetic Care App, attended a 2-hour face-to-face session, and was included in a WhatsApp group, while the control group received standard care. Relevant assessments were conducted for both groups in Week 1 and Week 5. The study was conducted from February 2020 to November 2020, and parametric and non-parametric statistics were used for data analysis.
Results: Pretest-posttest comparisons in both groups revealed significant findings for foot care behavior (p <0.01), dietary behavior (p <0.01), and foot condition (p <0.01), except for fasting blood glucose levels. In inter-group comparisons, a significant difference was observed only in foot care behavior (p <0.01) and dietary behavior (p <0.01).
Conclusion: The results indicate that technology-based interventions are beneficial for modifying behavior, specifically in terms of foot care and dietary behavior, in this study. The study highlights the applicability of mHealth for nurses in patient education and self-management of chronic conditions. Future research should explore app utilization among patients with chronic conditions.
Clinical trial registration number: NCT04260100 (registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04260100).
背景：移动健康在数字时代提供了一种很有前途的替代方案。移动健康应用程序（mHealth）与自我管理的概念相结合，被认为是将基于技术的干预措施纳入医疗系统的方法之一。目的：本研究旨在确定mHealth（特别是糖尿病护理应用程序）对未控制糖尿病患者的足部护理行为、饮食行为、足部状况和空腹血糖水平的影响。方法：在马来西亚北部一家政府运营的初级诊所进行一项单一的随机对照试验，涉及58名未控制的糖尿病患者，他们被分为两组。干预组接受糖尿病护理应用程序，参加2小时的面对面会议，并被纳入WhatsApp组，而对照组接受标准护理。在第1周和第5周对两组进行了相关评估。该研究于2020年2月至2020年11月进行，使用参数和非参数统计数据进行数据分析。结果：两组的测试前和测试后比较显示了足部护理行为的显著发现（p p p p结论：在本研究中，结果表明，基于技术的干预措施有利于改变行为，特别是在足部护理和饮食行为方面。该研究强调了mHealth对护士在慢性病患者教育和自我管理方面的适用性。未来的研究应探索慢性病患者的应用程序使用情况ns。临床试验注册号：NCT04260100（注册于https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04260100)。
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