Seasonal Disparities of Human Health Risk and Particle-Bound Metal Characteristics Associated with Atmospheric Particles in a Fishery Harbor

IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI:10.1007/s00244-023-01037-7
Cheng-Yun Tsai, Yen-Ping Peng, Chia-Hua Lin, Ku-Fan Chen, Chia-Hsiang Lai, Pin-Hao Qiu
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Abstract

The effects of atmospheric pollution from ship emissions have been considered for several harbors worldwide. The health risk assessment and source apportionment of particle-bound metals in a fishery harbor were investigated in this study. The most abundant metal elements in particulate matter (PM) on all sampling days in three seasons were Fe (280.94 ± 136.93 ng/m3), Al (116.40 ± 71.25 ng/m3), and Zn (110.55 ± 26.70 ng/m3). The ratios of V/Ni were 1.44 ± 0.31, 1.48 ± 0.09 and 1.87 ± 0.06 in PM10, PM2.5, and PM1, respectively. Meanwhile, the ratios higher than 1 indicated that fuel oil combustion from ship emission in fishery harbor. The highest deposits of total particle-bound metals in the human respiratory tract were in the head airway (HA), accounting for 76.77 ± 2.29% of the total particle-bound metal concentration, followed by 5.32 ± 0.13% and 2.53 ± 0.15% in the alveolar region (AR) and tracheobronchial (TB) region, respectively. The total cancer risk (CR) of inhalation exposure to local residents exceeded 10−6. Mean total CR values followed the sequence: autumn (1.24 × 10−4) > winter (8.53 × 10−5) > spring (2.77 × 10−6). Source apportionment of related metal emissions was mobile pollution emissions (vehicle/boat) (37.10–48.92%), metal fumes of arc welding exhaust (19.68–34.42%), spray-painting process (12.34–16.24%), combustion emissions (6.32–13.12%), and metal machining processes (9.04–16.31%) in Singda fishing harbor. These results suggest that proper control of heavy metals from each potential source in fishing harbor areas should be carried out to reduce the carcinogenic risk of adverse health effects.

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人类健康风险的季节差异和渔港大气颗粒物的颗粒结合金属特征。
世界各地的几个港口都考虑了船舶排放对大气污染的影响。本研究调查了某渔港颗粒结合金属的健康风险评估和来源解析。在三个季节的所有采样日,颗粒物中金属元素含量最高的是Fe(280.94 ± 136.93 ng/m3),铝(116.40 ± 71.25 ng/m3)和Zn(110.55 ± 26.70 ng/m3)。V/Ni的比值为1.44 ± 0.31、1.48 ± 0.09和1.87 ± PM10、PM2.5和PM1分别为0.06。同时,高于1的比值表明渔业港口船舶排放的燃油燃烧。人类呼吸道中颗粒结合金属总沉积量最高的是头部气道(HA),占76.77 ± 2.29%的总颗粒结合金属浓度,其次是5.32 ± 0.13%和2.53 ± 肺泡区(AR)和气管支气管区(TB)分别为0.15%。当地居民吸入暴露的癌症总风险(CR)超过10-6。平均总CR值遵循以下顺序:秋季(1.24 × 10-4) > 冬季(8.53 × 10-5) > 弹簧(2.77 × 10-6)。相关金属排放的来源分配为Singda渔港的移动污染排放(车辆/船只)(37.10-48.92%)、弧焊废气的金属烟雾(19.68-34.42%)、喷漆工艺(12.34-16.24%)、燃烧排放(6.32-13.12%)和金属加工工艺(9.04-16.31%)。这些结果表明,应该对渔港地区每种潜在来源的重金属进行适当的控制,以降低对健康产生不利影响的致癌风险。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.50%
发文量
63
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology provides a place for the publication of timely, detailed, and definitive scientific studies pertaining to the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. The journal will consider submissions dealing with new analytical and toxicological techniques that advance our understanding of the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. AECT will now consider mini-reviews (where length including references is less than 5,000 words), which highlight case studies, a geographic topic of interest, or a timely subject of debate. AECT will also consider Special Issues on subjects of broad interest. The journal strongly encourages authors to ensure that their submission places a strong emphasis on ecosystem processes; submissions limited to technical aspects of such areas as toxicity testing for single chemicals, wastewater effluent characterization, human occupation exposure, or agricultural phytotoxicity are unlikely to be considered.
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