Factors Associated with Self-reported COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization among Patients Seeking Care at a Comprehensive Cancer Center.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI:10.1007/s40615-023-01855-4

Rossybelle P Amorrortu, Yayi Zhao, Robert J Keenan, Scott M Gilbert, Dana E Rollison

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Abstract

Background: COVID-19 infection severity differs by race and ethnicity, but its long-term effect on cancer-related outcomes is unknown. Therefore, information on COVID-19 history is critical to ascertain among new cancer patients in order to advance research on its impact on cancer outcomes and potentially related health disparities.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 16,025 new patients seeking care at Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC) between 2021 and 2022. Patient self-reported histories of COVID-19 infection and other pre-existing health conditions were obtained from electronic questionnaires administered to all new MCC patients. Associations between demographics and COVID-19 infection and hospitalization were examined.

Results: A total of 1,971 patients (12.3%) reported ever having COVID-19. Self-reported COVID-19 history was significantly more prevalent in Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic patients (OR = 1.24, 1.05-1.45) and less prevalent in Asian versus White patients (OR = 0.49, 95% 0.33-0.70). Among patients who ever had COVID-19, 10.6% reported a COVID-19-related hospitalization. Males had higher odds of a COVID-19 related hospitalization than females (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.09-2.05), as did Black/African American patients (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.18-3.60) and patients of races other than Black/African American and Asian (OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.43-4.54) compared to White patients. Hispanic patients also experienced higher odds of hospitalization (OR = 2.06, 95% CI-1.29- 3.23) compared with non-Hispanic patients of all races in a sensitivity analysis that combined race/ethnicity. Pre-existing lung and breathing problems were associated with higher odds of being hospitalized with COVID-19 (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.61-3.48), but these and other health conditions did not explain the observed associations between race and COVID-19 hospitalization.

Conclusions: Higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalization were observed among patients identifying as Black/African American or Hispanic independent of pre-existing health conditions. Future studies evaluating long-term effects of COVID-19 should carefully examine potential racial/ethnic disparities in cancer outcomes.

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在癌症综合中心寻求治疗的患者中自我报告的新冠肺炎感染和住院的相关因素。

背景：新冠肺炎感染的严重程度因种族和民族而异，但其对癌症相关结果的长期影响尚不清楚。因此，有关新冠肺炎病史的信息对于确定新癌症患者的病情至关重要，以推动研究其对癌症结果的影响和潜在的相关健康差异。方法：对2021年至2022年间在莫菲特癌症中心（MCC）寻求治疗的16025名新患者进行横断面研究。从对所有新MCC患者进行的电子问卷中获得患者自我报告的新冠肺炎感染史和其他预先存在的健康状况。研究了人口统计学与新冠肺炎感染和住院之间的关系。结果：共有1971名患者（12.3%）报告曾患过新冠肺炎。自我报告的新冠肺炎病史在西班牙裔患者和非西班牙牙裔患者中更为普遍（OR = 1.24、1.05-1.45），并且在亚洲人与白人患者中较不常见（OR = 0.49，95%0.33-0.70）。在曾患有新冠肺炎的患者中，10.6%报告了与新冠肺炎相关的住院治疗。男性患新冠肺炎相关住院的几率高于女性（OR = 1.50，95%CI = 1.09-2.05），黑人/非裔美国人患者也是如此（OR = 2.11，95%CI = 1.18-3.60）和黑人/非裔美国人和亚裔以外种族的患者（OR = 2.61195%CI = 1.43-4.54）。西班牙裔患者也经历了更高的住院几率（OR = 2.06，95%CI-1.29-3.23）与所有种族的非西班牙裔患者相比。预先存在的肺部和呼吸问题与因新冠肺炎住院的几率较高（OR = 2.38,95%CI = 1.61-3.48），但这些和其他健康状况并不能解释观察到的种族与新冠肺炎住院之间的关联。结论：在独立于先前存在的健康状况的黑人/非裔美国人或西班牙裔患者中，观察到新冠肺炎住院率较高。未来评估新冠肺炎长期影响的研究应仔细检查癌症结果中潜在的种族/民族差异。

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来源期刊

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.10%

发文量

263

期刊介绍： Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities reports on the scholarly progress of work to understand, address, and ultimately eliminate health disparities based on race and ethnicity. Efforts to explore underlying causes of health disparities and to describe interventions that have been undertaken to address racial and ethnic health disparities are featured. Promising studies that are ongoing or studies that have longer term data are welcome, as are studies that serve as lessons for best practices in eliminating health disparities. Original research, systematic reviews, and commentaries presenting the state-of-the-art thinking on problems centered on health disparities will be considered for publication. We particularly encourage review articles that generate innovative and testable ideas, and constructive discussions and/or critiques of health disparities.Because the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities receives a large number of submissions, about 30% of submissions to the Journal are sent out for full peer review.