Identification of adulteration in the market samples of saffron using morphology, HPLC, HPTLC, and DNA barcoding methods.

IF 2.3 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Genome Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-03 DOI:10.1139/gen-2022-0059
Varadharajan Bhooma, Sophie Lorraine Vassou, Ilango Kaliappan, Madasamy Parani
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Abstract

Saffron, the stigma of Crocus sativus L., is the most expensive spice used for culinary, medicinal, dye, and cosmetics purposes. It is highly adulterated because of its limited production and high commercial value. In this study, 104 saffron market samples collected from 16 countries were tested using morphology, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) barcoding. Overall, 45 samples (43%) were adulterated. DNA barcoding identified the highest number of adulterated saffron (44 samples), followed by HPTLC (39 samples), HPLC (38 samples), and morphology (32 samples). Only DNA barcoding identified the adulterated samples containing saffron and other plants' parts as bulking agents. In addition, DNA barcoding identified 20 adulterant plant species, which will help develop quality control methods and market surveillance. Some of the adulterant plants are unsafe for human consumption. The HPLC method helped identify the saffron samples adulterated with synthetic safranal. HPLC and HPTLC methods will help identify the samples adulterated with other parts of the saffron plant (auto-adulteration).

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用形态学、高效液相色谱、高效薄层色谱和DNA条形码方法鉴定市场藏红花样品中的掺假。
藏红花是番红花的耻辱,是用于烹饪、药用、染料和化妆品目的的最昂贵的香料。由于其产量有限,商业价值高,因此掺假率很高。在这项研究中,使用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、高效薄层色谱法(HPTLC)和DNA条形码对从16个国家收集的104个藏红花市场样品进行了测试。总共有45个样品(43%)掺假。DNA条形码鉴定出掺假藏红花的数量最多(44个样品),其次是HPTLC(39个样品)、HPLC(38个样品)和形态学(32个样品)。只有DNA条形码识别出含有藏红花和其他植物部分的掺假样品是填充剂。此外,DNA条形码还鉴定了20种混淆植物,这将有助于开发质量控制方法和市场监督。有些掺杂物的植物对人类食用是不安全的。高效液相色谱法有助于鉴别掺有合成黄樟醛的藏红花样品。HPLC和HPTLC方法将有助于识别掺有藏红花植物其他部分的样品(自动掺假)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Genome
Genome 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.20%
发文量
42
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Genome is a monthly journal, established in 1959, that publishes original research articles, reviews, mini-reviews, current opinions, and commentaries. Areas of interest include general genetics and genomics, cytogenetics, molecular and evolutionary genetics, developmental genetics, population genetics, phylogenomics, molecular identification, as well as emerging areas such as ecological, comparative, and functional genomics.
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