The Emergence and Development of Hygienic Masks in Colonial Korea.

IF 0.1 4区 哲学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Korean Journal of Medical History Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI:10.13081/kjmh.2022.31.181
Jaehwan Hyun
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Abstract

This paper examines the social life of masks in colonial Korea with a focus on their use in hygienic practices. It argues that masks first appeared in the disease control scene in late 1919 when the Governor-General of Korea belatedly introduced preventative measures against the Spanish Influenza pandemic. Since then, the central and regional hygiene authorities had begun to encourage colonial Koreans to wear masks whenever respiratory disease epidemics transpired. Simultaneously, Korean doctors and news reporters framed mask-wearing as something needed for family hygiene, particularly for trans-seasonal child health care, and advised colonial Korean women to manage and wear masks. This paper also reveals that the primary type of masks used in colonial society was black-colored Japanese respirators. Its design was the main point of contention in the debates on the effectiveness of masks against disease infection. Finally, it also highlights that the wide support of using masks by medical doctors and authorities was not based on scientific evidence but on empirical rules they developed through the pandemic and epidemics. The mask-usage practice would be challenged only when South Korean doctors reframed it as a "Japanese custom not grounded on science" at the height of postcolonial nationalism and the raised concern about the artifact's usefulness during the Hong Kong Influenza pandemic of 1968.

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韩国殖民地卫生口罩的产生和发展。
本文考察了殖民地韩国口罩的社会生活,重点是口罩在卫生实践中的使用。它认为,口罩首次出现在疾病控制领域是在1919年末,当时韩国总督姗姗来迟地推出了针对西班牙流感大流行的预防措施。从那时起,中央和地区卫生当局开始鼓励殖民地的韩国人在呼吸道疾病流行时戴口罩。与此同时,韩国医生和新闻记者将戴口罩视为家庭卫生所必需的东西,特别是跨季节的儿童保健,并建议殖民地的韩国妇女管理和戴口罩。本文还揭示了殖民社会使用的主要口罩类型是黑色的日本口罩。它的设计是关于口罩对抗疾病感染有效性的辩论中的主要争论点。最后,它还强调,医生和当局对使用口罩的广泛支持并不是基于科学证据,而是基于他们在大流行和流行病中制定的经验规则。只有当韩国医生在后殖民民族主义的鼎盛时期将口罩的使用重新定义为“不以科学为基础的日本习俗”,以及1968年香港流感大流行期间人们对口罩有用性的担忧时,口罩的使用才会受到挑战。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊最新文献
Joseph Needham's 'Motivations for Participation' and 'Major Roles' in the International Scientific Commission on Bacterial Warfare during the Korean War. Medical Support Provided by the UN's Scandinavian Allies during the Korean War. Modern Medical and Hygiene Exhibitions of the Japanese Colonial Period. Yŏm Sŭngik and Healing through the Conception of the Baoqieyin Dhāraṇī-Maṇḍala Image in the Late Goryeo Dynasty. Analysis of the Career Trajectories of Students from the Jeonui-gam in the Late Nineteenth Century : Focusing on the Individuals in Jeonhamsaengdoan and Byeolcheonpalsean.
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