The joy of being frightened: Fear experience in psychopathy

IF 5 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI:10.1111/jopy.12890
Miriam J. Hofmann, Andreas Mokros, Sabrina Schneider
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Abstract

Objective

Psychopathic traits are associated with abnormalities in fear processing. While traditional theories focus on a lack of fear, Hosker-Field et al. (2016) provided a new perspective. They suggested that individuals with elevated psychopathic traits may experience threatening situations with appreciation or positivity, resulting in reduced negative fear responses and heightened positive responses (fear enjoyment hypothesis, FEH).

Method

Our study aimed to refine Hosker-Field et al.'s (2016) study design, addressing methodological limitations and improving the inconsistent operationalization of fear experience in the literature. In an online sample of 353 participants from the general population, we examined the relationship between the FEH and relevant psychopathic traits, specifically those derived from the PCL-R framework (i.e., SRP 4 Factor 1), and from a more trait-based approach to psychopathy with assumed links to fearlessness (i.e., TriPM Boldness).

Results

By employing linear mixed effect models, we extended Hosker-Field et al.'s correlational analysis and provided further evidence for the FEH, particularly in relation to psychopathic traits measured using the PCL-R framework. The results regarding Boldness, however, are somewhat inconclusive.

Conclusion

The present study enhances existing research on fear deficits in psychopathy by assessing the subjective experience of individuals facing threat.

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恐惧的快乐:精神病患者的恐惧体验。
目的:精神病特征与恐惧处理异常有关。虽然传统理论关注的是缺乏恐惧,Hosker-Field等人。(2016)提供了一个新的视角。他们认为,心理变态特征升高的人可能会经历赞赏或积极的威胁情况,导致负面恐惧反应减少,积极反应增强(恐惧-享受假说,FEH)。方法:我们的研究旨在完善Hosker-Field等人s(2016)的研究设计,解决了方法上的局限性,并改善了文献中对恐惧体验的不一致操作。在来自普通人群的353名参与者的在线样本中,我们检查了FEH与相关精神病特征之间的关系,特别是那些来自PCL-R框架(即SRP 4因子1)的特征,以及来自一种更基于特征的精神病方法(即TriPM大胆)的特征。结果:通过采用线性混合效应模型,我们扩展了Hosker-Field等人s的相关性分析,并为FEH提供了进一步的证据,特别是与使用PCL-R框架测量的精神病特征有关。然而,关于“大胆”的结果在某种程度上是不确定的。结论:本研究通过评估面临威胁的个体的主观体验,加强了对精神病恐惧缺陷的现有研究。
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来源期刊
Journal of Personality
Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
6.00%
发文量
100
期刊介绍: Journal of Personality publishes scientific investigations in the field of personality. It focuses particularly on personality and behavior dynamics, personality development, and individual differences in the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal domains. The journal reflects and stimulates interest in the growth of new theoretical and methodological approaches in personality psychology.
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