Objective: Aversive ("dark") personality traits are traditionally studied as predictors of harmful or manipulative behavior, yet their underlying cognitive-affective structures remain underexplored. This research investigates whether the Dark Core of personality (D)-the common aversive essence of all dark traits-is associated with primal world beliefs, which are deep-seated assumptions about the nature of the world (e.g., viewing the world as safe, meaningful, or beautiful).
Method: Across four studies (total N = 2245), latent correlations and latent regression analyses involving D and primal world beliefs were examined.
Results: D was associated with more negative world beliefs, indicating that high-D individuals tend to hold globally pessimistic worldviews that extend beyond instrumental beliefs serving to reduce cognitive dissonance. That is, high-D individuals also see the world as less pleasurable, less stable, less regenerative, and less meaningful.
Conclusions: Specifically, the facet Meaningful emerged as uniquely associated with D, suggesting that perceiving many aspects of life as meaningless reflects a broader worldview underlying D-one that extends beyond specific beliefs used to justify aversive behavior.
Objective: This meta-analysis examined the relationships between different dimensions of narcissism and mental health, with a specific focus on internalizing forms of psychopathology.
Method: A systematic search identified 229 empirical studies (N = 185,137; k = 735 effect sizes) from four international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, OATD) and two Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang Data). Because most studies relied on self-report measures, the findings primarily reflect self-reported associations. Random-effects models were used to estimate overall effects, and moderation analyses tested the roles of demographic, methodological, and construct-related variables.
Results: Grandiose narcissism was positively associated with positive mental health (r = 0.19, p < 0.001) and showed no significant association with negative mental health (r = 0.02, p = 0.26). Vulnerable narcissism was negatively associated with positive mental health (r = -0.25, p < 0.001) and positively associated with negative mental health (r = 0.39, p < 0.001). Findings based on the Admiration-Rivalry model and the three-factor model provided additional clarity regarding these associations. Significant moderators included age, measurement instruments, and construct specificity.
Conclusions: These results clarify dimension-specific links between narcissism and mental health and provide a more nuanced understanding of narcissism's psychological correlates.
Trial registration: PROSPERO: Registration No. CRD420251016464.
The current study investigates the relationship between perceived control and future orientation, systematically addressing the questions of “what,” “why,” and “how to mitigate” the relationship between these constructs.
Study 1 (n = 60) experimentally manipulated perceived control and found that it significantly predicted future orientation, with higher levels observed in students with high perceived control compared to those with low perceived control. Study 2 (n = 136) further explored the moderating role of construal level, finding that high construal level mitigated the negative effects of low perceived control on future orientation. Study 3 (n = 128) focused on individuals with low perceived control, randomly assigning participants to either a tight culture group or a loose culture group using a situational priming method. Results revealed that in a loose cultural context, a high construal level effectively improved future orientation among individuals with perceived control deficits.
These findings highlight the importance of perceived control and construal level in shaping future orientation and suggest that cultural context may influence the effectiveness of these psychological constructs. Implications for enhancing future orientation through interventions targeting perceived control and construal level are discussed.
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