Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process Method to Explore the Important Factors Affecting Hakka Language Learning Motivation and New Media Literacy

Abstract

The problems of the inheritance of the Hakka language have remained unresolved for a long time. The biggest of these is the lack of opportunity to use the language, which means that young people lose the chance to practice it. This causes a gap in language inheritance, and the current University students are one of the main age groups responsible for that gap. Therefore, it is important to enhance the motivation of University students to learn the Hakka language. Besides, since the rapid increase in the use of new media by University students, it is an appropriate time to use new media to promote Hakka language. Therefore, if teachers can understand how to increase students' motivation to learn Hakka and their attitudes towards using new media, then teachers' teaching effectiveness will certainly improve. The purpose of this study is to propose a complete research process, the first step is to discuss three aspects in terms of Hakka language learning motivation and new media literacy. 1. To investigate the willingness of University students to access Hakka and the problems they face in language learning, and new media related to language learning commonly used by users and their characteristics; 2. Using a literature review to analyze the most effective method of learning a language and identify the necessary elements of new media that can be used to assist language learning; 3. Using the revised Delphi method to compile the important factors of Hakka language experts on the use of new media in Hakka language learning activities and classify them into levels, and the original literature review results consisted of 7 main criteria and 17 sub-criteria, reduced to 7 main criteria and 16 sub-criteria. Next, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used for the second part. Then, 20 respondents are asked to evaluate the 7 main criteria of value, expectation, emotion, functional consumption, critical consumption, functional production and sales literacy, and critical production and sales literacy on a 1-9 scale assessment form, and calculate the relative weights. Then, 20 experts are invited to evaluate the 7 main criteria of value, expectation, emotion, functional consumption, critical consumption, functional production and sales literacy and critical production and sales literacy on the 1-9 scale, and calculated the relative Weights. The results of the questionnaire are used to build a comparison matrix, and the eigenvalue and eigenvector are also computed. Then, consistency verification is applied to measure the degree of consistency among the pairwise comparisons by computing the consistency ratio. If the consistency ratio is over 0.1, the above steps are performed again for all levels in the hierarchy. However, since this was deemed to be unnecessary in this case because the CR was less than 0.1, the judgments are acceptable. According to the research results, University students attach the most importance to "value" in the use of new media in Hakka language learning motivation. In addition, the consensus on new media literacy attaches the most importance to "functional consumption", so that learners can quickly and effectively obtain media information and understand media content. The results will be used to construct an AHP decision-making system by this systematic research method. This research result can be used as a basis for future Hakka-related curriculum plans for teachers, and these methods can also be used for other endangered language teachings, so that the best solution can be obtained quickly and conveniently.