Cirsium greimleri: a new species of thistle endemic to the Eastern Alps and Dinarides

IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Preslia Pub Date : 2018-05-16 DOI:10.23855/PRESLIA.2018.105
P. Bureš, J. Šmerda, Ester Michálková, P. Šmarda, A. Knoll, M. Vavrinec
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

The newly described diploid species Cirsium greimleri (2n = 34; 2C = 1929.1±60.6Mbp) belongs to Cirsium sect. Cirsium and is distributed sparsely throughout the Eastern Alps and Dinarides, whereas the closely related tetraploid vicarious species C. waldsteinii (2n = 68; 2C = 3682.3±69.8Mbp) is endemic to the south-eastern Carpathians. The ploidy, genetic and morphological separation of both taxa is confirmed using flow cytometry, AFLP and morphometric analyses of 169 plants from 27 populations covering representatively distribution ranges of the respective species. The species differ in flower colour, with those of C. greimleri ruby red to brownish-purple and those of C. waldsteinii pinkish-purple to purple. The colour difference remains consistent when both species are cultivated together under the same conditions. Differences between the species in the size of the stomata, achenes, corollas, styles and pappus are statistically significant and congruent with differences in the ploidy level. Because both species are gynodioecious (their populations contain female and hermaphrodite plants), the generative features should be compared carefully with respect to gender (e.g. females with females) because the between-gender differences within the same species could be larger than the between-species differences. The basal and median cauline leaves of C. waldsteinii are narrower and more deeply lobed than those of C. greimleri. A slight difference in the flowering period is detected when both species are cultivated together, with C. waldsteinii flowering two weeks earlier than C. greimleri. Both species share ecological/ habitat preferences for subalpine woodland tall-forb vegetation.While C. waldsteinii hybridizes extremely rarely with co-occurring diploid congeners, C. greimleri produce hybrids very often, which increase the risk of its extinction via genetic erosion.
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格莱姆蓟:东阿尔卑斯和第纳里德斯特有的一新种
新发现的二倍体种Cirsium greimleri (2n = 34;2C = 1929.1±60.6Mbp)属于Cirsium组,在东阿尔卑斯山脉和Dinarides分布较少,而近缘的四倍体替代种c.w waldsteinii (2n = 68;2C = 3682.3±69.8Mbp)是喀尔巴阡山脉东南部特有的。利用流式细胞术、AFLP和形态计量学对27个居群169株植物的倍性、遗传和形态分离进行了证实。这种花的颜色不同,C. greimleri的花是宝石红色到棕紫色,而C. waldsteinii的花是粉紫色到紫色。当两个物种在相同条件下一起培养时,颜色差异保持一致。两种间气孔、瘦果、花冠、花柱和冠部大小的差异具有统计学意义,且与倍性水平的差异一致。由于两种植物都是雌雌异株(种群中既有雌性植物,也有雌雄同体植物),因此应仔细比较生殖特征的性别差异(如雌性与雌性之间的差异),因为同一物种内的两性差异可能大于种间差异。白桦的基部和中部茎生叶较白桦窄,裂片较深。当两种植物一起栽培时,发现花期有轻微的差异,瓦尔德斯坦花比格莱姆花早两周。两种物种对亚高山林地-草本植被的生态/生境偏好相同。虽然瓦尔德斯坦c很少与同时发生的二倍体同系物杂交,但格莱姆c却经常产生杂交,这增加了其因遗传侵蚀而灭绝的风险。
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来源期刊
Preslia
Preslia 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
29.40%
发文量
8
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Preslia is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing original research papers on plant systematics, morphology, phytogeography, ecology and vegetation science, with a geographical focus on central Europe. The journal was founded in 1914 and named in honour of brothers Jan Svatopluk Presl (1791–1849) and Karel Bořivoj Presl (1794–1852), outstanding Bohemian botanists. It is published quarterly by the Czech Botanical Society.
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