P. Bureš, J. Šmerda, Ester Michálková, P. Šmarda, A. Knoll, M. Vavrinec
{"title":"Cirsium greimleri: a new species of thistle endemic to the Eastern Alps and Dinarides","authors":"P. Bureš, J. Šmerda, Ester Michálková, P. Šmarda, A. Knoll, M. Vavrinec","doi":"10.23855/PRESLIA.2018.105","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The newly described diploid species Cirsium greimleri (2n = 34;\n2C = 1929.1±60.6Mbp) belongs to Cirsium sect. Cirsium and is\ndistributed sparsely throughout the Eastern Alps and Dinarides,\nwhereas the closely related tetraploid vicarious species C.\nwaldsteinii (2n = 68; 2C = 3682.3±69.8Mbp) is endemic to the\nsouth-eastern Carpathians. The ploidy, genetic and\nmorphological separation of both taxa is confirmed using flow\ncytometry, AFLP and morphometric analyses of 169 plants from 27\npopulations covering representatively distribution ranges of\nthe respective species. The species differ in flower colour,\nwith those of C. greimleri ruby red to brownish-purple and\nthose of C. waldsteinii pinkish-purple to purple. The colour\ndifference remains consistent when both species are cultivated\ntogether under the same conditions. Differences between the\nspecies in the size of the stomata, achenes, corollas, styles\nand pappus are statistically significant and congruent with\ndifferences in the ploidy level. Because both species are\ngynodioecious (their populations contain female and\nhermaphrodite plants), the generative features should be\ncompared carefully with respect to gender (e.g. females with\nfemales) because the between-gender differences within the same\nspecies could be larger than the between-species differences.\nThe basal and median cauline leaves of C. waldsteinii are\nnarrower and more deeply lobed than those of C. greimleri. A\nslight difference in the flowering period is detected when both\nspecies are cultivated together, with C. waldsteinii flowering\ntwo weeks earlier than C. greimleri. Both species share\necological/ habitat preferences for subalpine woodland\ntall-forb vegetation.While C. waldsteinii hybridizes extremely\nrarely with co-occurring diploid congeners, C. greimleri\nproduce hybrids very often, which increase the risk of its\nextinction via genetic erosion.","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":"44 4","pages":"105-134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"8","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Preslia","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.23855/PRESLIA.2018.105","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Abstract
The newly described diploid species Cirsium greimleri (2n = 34;
2C = 1929.1±60.6Mbp) belongs to Cirsium sect. Cirsium and is
distributed sparsely throughout the Eastern Alps and Dinarides,
whereas the closely related tetraploid vicarious species C.
waldsteinii (2n = 68; 2C = 3682.3±69.8Mbp) is endemic to the
south-eastern Carpathians. The ploidy, genetic and
morphological separation of both taxa is confirmed using flow
cytometry, AFLP and morphometric analyses of 169 plants from 27
populations covering representatively distribution ranges of
the respective species. The species differ in flower colour,
with those of C. greimleri ruby red to brownish-purple and
those of C. waldsteinii pinkish-purple to purple. The colour
difference remains consistent when both species are cultivated
together under the same conditions. Differences between the
species in the size of the stomata, achenes, corollas, styles
and pappus are statistically significant and congruent with
differences in the ploidy level. Because both species are
gynodioecious (their populations contain female and
hermaphrodite plants), the generative features should be
compared carefully with respect to gender (e.g. females with
females) because the between-gender differences within the same
species could be larger than the between-species differences.
The basal and median cauline leaves of C. waldsteinii are
narrower and more deeply lobed than those of C. greimleri. A
slight difference in the flowering period is detected when both
species are cultivated together, with C. waldsteinii flowering
two weeks earlier than C. greimleri. Both species share
ecological/ habitat preferences for subalpine woodland
tall-forb vegetation.While C. waldsteinii hybridizes extremely
rarely with co-occurring diploid congeners, C. greimleri
produce hybrids very often, which increase the risk of its
extinction via genetic erosion.
期刊介绍:
Preslia is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing original research papers on plant systematics, morphology, phytogeography, ecology and vegetation science, with a geographical focus on central Europe. The journal was founded in 1914 and named in honour of brothers Jan Svatopluk Presl (1791–1849) and Karel Bořivoj Presl (1794–1852), outstanding Bohemian botanists. It is published quarterly by the Czech Botanical Society.