Terrains of the main geodynamical types in the structures of Ural-Timan areal and the Eurasia North-Eastern segment

Abstract

Subject of study. Different points of view on the concept of structures of the terrain type and their role in the addition of orogenic belts are considered. Materials and methods. We used our own research and analysis of the latest publications about the Ural-Timan region and the Pacific belt, on the territory of the Northeast segment of Eurasia, as well as currently known isotope radiometric data. It was used also the result of geophysical seismotectonic and paleomagnetic explorations. Results. It has been established that in the composition of the Ural-Timan structural area, along with the Proterozoic and Paleozoic associations of the orogenic belts and the Riphean sedimentary series of protrusions of the Russian Plate, structural formations that correspond to the terrain of the continental crust take part. They are the most characteristic for the Ural orogenic belt, which belongs to the group of epiokean-type belts, associated with the transformation of ocean basins with the active participation of accretion and collision processes. The parametric features of these terrains include the ancient age characteristics of terrain rocks, their position in the belt structure, as well as the presence of relics of subhorizontal layered structural elements. The discordant blocks of migmatites, gneisses and other metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age, which make up the terrains, was the basis for the introduction of the term “terranes of the ancient continental crust”. By connection with the source, exotic and endemic, and simple and complex terrains are distinguished by structure. The geodynamics of including terrains of the ancient continental crust into the structure of orogenic belts is associated with horizontal movements of fragments of the ancient lithosphere in oceanic paleobasins to the periphery of the Russian Plate and their localization in belt structures. The formation of these terrains in the structures of the orogenic belts is completed by the formation of the intra-terrain massifs of granitoids and belts of volcanic-intrusive series. Supporters of a different methodology, dominant among researchers of the Pacific Belt of the Northeast Segment of Eurasia, refer to terrains all the structural elements that perform orogenic belts, because they believe that they have undergone horizontal movements and are in allochtonous occurrence. Conclusions. It has been established that in different geological provinces the term terrain has its own characteristics. This was the basis for the selection of two geodynamic types of terrains.