Microbiological Profile of Significant Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms Isolated in a Tertiary Care Centre, Kerala, India

Abstract

Emergence of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major concern across the globe. Infections with multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO’s) increase the morbidity and mortality in addition to financial costs, especially in vulnerable patients. Knowing the profile of MDRO’s in a particular region or institution helps in optimal and timely antibiotic therapy, which is a key factor in avoiding the selection pressure exerted on microorganisms. In this study, microbiological profile of significant MDRO’s isolated over a period of two years were analysed retrospectively. 58% of the total isolates were classified as MDRO’s. Intensive care units (ICU’s) contributed to a significantly higher number of MDRO’s than other departments (p<0.001). Methicillin resistance was seen in 54% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Carbapenem resistance was encountered widely amongst members of the genus enterobacteriaceae (approximately 40% isolates of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.) and Acinetobacter spp. (78%). This study emphasizes the fact that AMR burden is high in lowand middle-income countries (LMIC’s) and that a concerted effort on the part of legislators, medical community and general public is required to address the issue.