Macrostratigraphy: Insights into Cyclic and Secular Evolution of the Earth-Life System

IF 11.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI:10.1146/annurev-earth-032320-081427
S. Peters, D. Quinn, J. Husson, R. Gaines
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Rocks in Earth's crust are formed, modified, and destroyed in response to myriad interactions between the solid Earth (tectonics, geodynamics), the fluid Earth (ocean-atmosphere, cryosphere), and the living Earth (evolution, biochemistry). As such, the geological record is an integrator of geological, biological, and climatological processes and their histories. Here we review contrasting perceptions of the processes that govern the formation and destruction of the geological record, beginning with the relationship between macroevolutionary patterns in the fossil and sedimentary rock records and culminating with contrasting models of rock cycling. Using the approach of macrostratigraphy, we present an integrated summary of the quantity-age properties of rocks in continental and oceanic crust. The predominant process signal in the rock quantity-age distribution in continental crust is one of episodic growth, whereas in oceanic crust it is one of continual destruction. Relatively abrupt shifts in the dominant locus of sediment deposition, from fast-cycling oceanic crust to long-term continental reservoirs, and attendant expansions and contractions in the area of crust that is emergent, are correlated in timing and magnitude with shifts in the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere and major macroevolutionary transitions in the biosphere. The most recent of possibly two such first-order transitions occurred at the start of the Phanerozoic and is marked by a prominent preserved geomorphic surface known as the Great Unconformity. ▪ Macrostratigraphy uses the bulk characteristics of the rock record to probe the evolution of the Earth system. ▪ Quantifying the creation and destruction of rock units can illuminate the long-term evolution of continents and the life that inhabits them. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 50 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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宏观地层学:对地球生命系统旋回和长期演化的认识
地壳中的岩石在固体地球(构造学、地球动力学)、流体地球(海洋大气、冰冻圈)和生命地球(进化、生物化学)之间无数的相互作用下形成、改变和破坏。因此,地质记录是地质、生物和气候过程及其历史的集合体。在这里,我们回顾了对控制地质记录形成和破坏过程的不同看法,从化石和沉积岩记录中宏观演化模式之间的关系开始,最后是岩石循环的对比模型。运用宏观地层学的方法,综合总结了大陆和海洋地壳岩石的数量-年龄性质。大陆地壳岩石数量-年龄分布的主要过程信号是幕式生长过程信号,而海洋地壳的主要过程信号是连续破坏过程信号。沉积物沉积的主要地点从快速循环的海洋地壳到长期的大陆储层的相对突变,以及随之而来的地壳突出区域的膨胀和收缩,在时间和幅度上与大气中氧浓度的变化和生物圈的主要宏观演化转变相关。可能有两次这样的一级转变,最近的一次发生在显生宙的开始,其标志是一个保存完好的地貌表面,被称为大不整合。宏观地层学利用岩石记录的体积特征来探测地球系统的演化。▪量化岩石单元的形成和破坏,可以阐明大陆的长期演变及其上的生命。《地球与行星科学年度评论》第50卷的最终在线出版日期预计为2022年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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来源期刊
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 地学天文-地球科学综合
CiteScore
25.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: Since its establishment in 1973, the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences has been dedicated to providing comprehensive coverage of advancements in the field. This esteemed publication examines various aspects of earth and planetary sciences, encompassing climate, environment, geological hazards, planet formation, and the evolution of life. To ensure wider accessibility, the latest volume of the journal has transitioned from a gated model to open access through the Subscribe to Open program by Annual Reviews. Consequently, all articles published in this volume are now available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
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