The problems and perspectives of the labour market development in Serbia on national and regional level

Jelena Zvezdanovic-Lobanova, M. Lobanov, M. Zvezdanović
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Abstract

The paper deals with the analysis of inter-regional differences in unemployment rates, including an assessment of changes in local labour markets in the 2010s. Comparison of statistics related to the labour market development exclusively at the national level does not allow a complete overview of the employment problems. Based on the available data of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, we have compiled three maps that give a visual representation of the unemployment in municipalities in Serbia. The first map demonstates the share of the unemployed in the total population of municipalities at the beginning of 2018 (taking into account the qualification structure of the unemployed population). The second map reveals the dynamics of unemployment rates in municipalities (value ratio for 2018 and 2010). Finally, the third map reflects the authors' vision of regionalization of the unemployment phenomenon in Serbia, expressed in identifying spatial configurations that differ in labour market characteristics. The regionalization of the phenomenon of unemployment in Serbia has enabled the identification of the most and least successful territories in terms of maintaining stability in the labour market. In addition, we highlighted the existing problems of the labour market, emphasized the importance of implementation of employment policies and inclusion in this process of all societal structures, starting with the state, local authorities, private and public sectors in order to achieve sustainable economic growth.
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塞尔维亚国家和区域一级劳工市场发展的问题和前景
本文分析了失业率的地区间差异,包括对2010年代当地劳动力市场变化的评估。只在国家一级比较与劳动力市场发展有关的统计数字,无法全面了解就业问题。根据塞尔维亚共和国统计局的现有数据,我们编制了三幅地图,直观地反映了塞尔维亚各城市的失业情况。第一张地图显示了2018年初各城市失业人口占总人口的比例(考虑到失业人口的资格结构)。第二张地图显示了城市失业率的动态(2018年和2010年的价值比)。最后,第三张地图反映了作者对塞尔维亚失业现象区域化的看法,通过确定劳动力市场特征不同的空间结构来表达。塞尔维亚失业现象的区域化使人们能够确定在维持劳动力市场稳定方面最成功和最不成功的地区。此外,我们强调了劳动力市场存在的问题,强调了执行就业政策和将所有社会结构纳入这一进程的重要性,从国家、地方当局、私营和公共部门开始,以实现可持续的经济增长。
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