The correspondence between Bishop Dr. Nikolaj Velimirovic and priest Aleksa Todorovic contains an abundance of significant information. These two clerics worked tirelessly on promoting creativity within the Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC) in diaspora, helping to strengthen its organization and connections, advancing its publishing and missionary activities, enabling it to offer consolation to all, but especially to those who decided to live their lives ?far from the warmth of their homeland?. One day, a daily church service in SOC in Munich had been attended by Drag. Janic, who gave a poem written in June 1955 by Milovan Djilas - one of the discarded officials of the Yugoslav communist government, to parish priest Aleksa. Even though in the years prior to writing this poem he denounced his Serbian identity and furthermore fought diligently against it - as he himself asserted later in his autobiographical writings, once he found himself on the other side of the revolutionary legacy that he dedicated himself to, ?something happened? to him. That incomprehensible ?something? inspired him to search for the voice of the Mystic from Lovcen within himself and express his doubts, suspicions and contemplations regarding the national question in a short poetic genre, through the voice of two great people: one famous and acknowledged, and the other unknown and acknowledged. This differentiation mirrors his understanding of both Njegos and everything that is Serbian, which he mentions several times. One could argue that his lament over the fact that ?the Cross has been removed from the Serbian coat of arms? expresses an incredibly difficult sadness of the author, while the ending words of his poem are even more dreadful, emphasising that ?there are no more Serbs in Serbia?. Drying of the author`s ink did not, however, mark the end of his internal struggle - he decided to tear the paper on which he wrote the poem, only to later tape it back together. In the end, even though the author of this paper suggests that Djilas must have been acquainted with the fact that there were circles in Munich that gathered members of Zbor and supporters of Dimitrije Ljotic, and that at the same place there was a parish of the SOC with comprehensive publishing activity, that did not discourage him from making a peculiar move. He turned his song over to Serbian Church - against which he sinned a lot - and supported his decision with the desire that his poem be published, even though anonymously. In the light of all the abovementioned, the readers of ?Serbian Religious Library Svetacnik?, i.e. ?Svetacnik`s calendar with the catechetical booklet? (precise names of the publications in 1956) could get acquainted with this conversation and lament between Njegos and the Unknown Hero over the suppressed and exiled Serbianhood, that is no longer to be found even in Serbia itself - as implicated by the author of the poem. Bishop Nikolaj must have bee
{"title":"An unknown poem by Milovan Djilas: \"A conversation between Njegos and an unknown hero\"","authors":"Nemanja Andrijašević","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2284635a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2284635a","url":null,"abstract":"The correspondence between Bishop Dr. Nikolaj Velimirovic and priest Aleksa Todorovic contains an abundance of significant information. These two clerics worked tirelessly on promoting creativity within the Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC) in diaspora, helping to strengthen its organization and connections, advancing its publishing and missionary activities, enabling it to offer consolation to all, but especially to those who decided to live their lives ?far from the warmth of their homeland?. One day, a daily church service in SOC in Munich had been attended by Drag. Janic, who gave a poem written in June 1955 by Milovan Djilas - one of the discarded officials of the Yugoslav communist government, to parish priest Aleksa. Even though in the years prior to writing this poem he denounced his Serbian identity and furthermore fought diligently against it - as he himself asserted later in his autobiographical writings, once he found himself on the other side of the revolutionary legacy that he dedicated himself to, ?something happened? to him. That incomprehensible ?something? inspired him to search for the voice of the Mystic from Lovcen within himself and express his doubts, suspicions and contemplations regarding the national question in a short poetic genre, through the voice of two great people: one famous and acknowledged, and the other unknown and acknowledged. This differentiation mirrors his understanding of both Njegos and everything that is Serbian, which he mentions several times. One could argue that his lament over the fact that ?the Cross has been removed from the Serbian coat of arms? expresses an incredibly difficult sadness of the author, while the ending words of his poem are even more dreadful, emphasising that ?there are no more Serbs in Serbia?. Drying of the author`s ink did not, however, mark the end of his internal struggle - he decided to tear the paper on which he wrote the poem, only to later tape it back together. In the end, even though the author of this paper suggests that Djilas must have been acquainted with the fact that there were circles in Munich that gathered members of Zbor and supporters of Dimitrije Ljotic, and that at the same place there was a parish of the SOC with comprehensive publishing activity, that did not discourage him from making a peculiar move. He turned his song over to Serbian Church - against which he sinned a lot - and supported his decision with the desire that his poem be published, even though anonymously. In the light of all the abovementioned, the readers of ?Serbian Religious Library Svetacnik?, i.e. ?Svetacnik`s calendar with the catechetical booklet? (precise names of the publications in 1956) could get acquainted with this conversation and lament between Njegos and the Unknown Hero over the suppressed and exiled Serbianhood, that is no longer to be found even in Serbia itself - as implicated by the author of the poem. Bishop Nikolaj must have bee","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75690900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Starting from the assumption that working conditions have a significant impact on the quality of work of employees, the paper investigates the impact of selected socio-demographic variables on motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Serbia. As independent variables, this research analyzed gender, age and education, while the key dependent variables were motivation, satisfaction with the types of professional development and education, as well as the attitude about the importance of professional development and training. Therefore, an original empirical research was conducted among the employees of tourist organizations from the territory of Serbia. Descriptive statistics, t test for independent samples, correlation and analysis of variance were applied as main quantitative methods. The degree of motivation and satisfaction of employees was ana?lyzed from the perspective of motivation and satisfaction with the types of professional training and education using the Likert scale. An adequate qualitative methodology was applied, too. Based on the research conducted within this paper, it can be concluded that gender, age and education affect the business performance and that there is a positive correlation between the degree of motivation and job satisfaction on the work of employees, and thus indirectly on the business performance of tourism enterprises in Serbia.
{"title":"The influence of socio-demographic variables on the motivation and satisfaction of employees in the tourist economy of Serbia","authors":"J. Premović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2281021p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2281021p","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from the assumption that working conditions have a significant impact on the quality of work of employees, the paper investigates the impact of selected socio-demographic variables on motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Serbia. As independent variables, this research analyzed gender, age and education, while the key dependent variables were motivation, satisfaction with the types of professional development and education, as well as the attitude about the importance of professional development and training. Therefore, an original empirical research was conducted among the employees of tourist organizations from the territory of Serbia. Descriptive statistics, t test for independent samples, correlation and analysis of variance were applied as main quantitative methods. The degree of motivation and satisfaction of employees was ana?lyzed from the perspective of motivation and satisfaction with the types of professional training and education using the Likert scale. An adequate qualitative methodology was applied, too. Based on the research conducted within this paper, it can be concluded that gender, age and education affect the business performance and that there is a positive correlation between the degree of motivation and job satisfaction on the work of employees, and thus indirectly on the business performance of tourism enterprises in Serbia.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86886091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of this empirical research is to see the extent to which violence against children with disabilities is present in our society, in which families with children with disabilities abuse and/or neglect occurs, specifically in the city of Zrenjanin. The aim of the research was to determine whether and to what extent there are certain (and which) forms of abuse and / or neglect of children and youth with disabilities and which are the dominant factors for the development and maintenance of this situation, as well as to determine whether the degree of abuse and / or neglect of children and youth with disa?bilities in the city of Zrenjanin depends on certain socio-demographic factors of the family. The task, more precisely, was to determine the family context in which the abuse and / or neglect of children with disabilities occurs. Through a questionaire with closed-ended questions 80 respondents, primary and secondary school students of ?9. May? in Zrenjanin were interviewed. Students aged 10-21 were selected as the target group. It was determined that there is a factor that contributes to the vulnerability and marginalization of this group of children and youth in relation to children and youth of normal development. The analysis of the results showed that, out of the total number of respondents, 25% of them estimated that their living conditions were poor, while (on the total sample) 16.2% of them answered that (sometimes) they did not have enough food. Ten percent of them estimated that there are no satisfactory hygienic conditions (bathroom and hot water). By analyzing the answers to a certain group of questions, significant data were obtained that support the research questions that children with disabilities, who come from socially deprived families with many members and live in suburbs are more exposed to the possibility of suffering, abuse and / or neglect.
{"title":"Abuse and negligence of children with disabilities in the city of Zrenjanin","authors":"Saša Stepanović, Violeta Nenadic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2284619s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2284619s","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this empirical research is to see the extent to which violence against children with disabilities is present in our society, in which families with children with disabilities abuse and/or neglect occurs, specifically in the city of Zrenjanin. The aim of the research was to determine whether and to what extent there are certain (and which) forms of abuse and / or neglect of children and youth with disabilities and which are the dominant factors for the development and maintenance of this situation, as well as to determine whether the degree of abuse and / or neglect of children and youth with disa?bilities in the city of Zrenjanin depends on certain socio-demographic factors of the family. The task, more precisely, was to determine the family context in which the abuse and / or neglect of children with disabilities occurs. Through a questionaire with closed-ended questions 80 respondents, primary and secondary school students of ?9. May? in Zrenjanin were interviewed. Students aged 10-21 were selected as the target group. It was determined that there is a factor that contributes to the vulnerability and marginalization of this group of children and youth in relation to children and youth of normal development. The analysis of the results showed that, out of the total number of respondents, 25% of them estimated that their living conditions were poor, while (on the total sample) 16.2% of them answered that (sometimes) they did not have enough food. Ten percent of them estimated that there are no satisfactory hygienic conditions (bathroom and hot water). By analyzing the answers to a certain group of questions, significant data were obtained that support the research questions that children with disabilities, who come from socially deprived families with many members and live in suburbs are more exposed to the possibility of suffering, abuse and / or neglect.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"59 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86891855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the findings of a study that included 29 graduate year students of the Faculties of Sciences (Geography Department), Law and Medicine of the University of Novi Sad. Three focus groups discussed the students? perception of elderly people and their first associations with old age. They were also asked whether they were aware of the life characteristics when it comes to the Third age and to explore their personal experiences with the elderly, as well as the young men and women?s thoughts of their own ageing and of themselves as old people. The students? responses indicated that most of them had romantic visions of their own old age and, at the same time, multiple negative stereotypes and prejudices about the elderly people around them, whom they rarely supported. It is, therefore, important to promote understanding between youth and the elderly in an ageing society, as it is the case in Vojvodina and Serbia overall.
{"title":"Young people’s perception of old age and elderly people: Attitudes of Novi Sad university students","authors":"M. Rasevic","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2282287r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2282287r","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the findings of a study that included 29 graduate year students of the Faculties of Sciences (Geography Department), Law and Medicine of the University of Novi Sad. Three focus groups discussed the students? perception of elderly people and their first associations with old age. They were also asked whether they were aware of the life characteristics when it comes to the Third age and to explore their personal experiences with the elderly, as well as the young men and women?s thoughts of their own ageing and of themselves as old people. The students? responses indicated that most of them had romantic visions of their own old age and, at the same time, multiple negative stereotypes and prejudices about the elderly people around them, whom they rarely supported. It is, therefore, important to promote understanding between youth and the elderly in an ageing society, as it is the case in Vojvodina and Serbia overall.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"601 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77341211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serbia had been an immigrant nation for the better part of the 19th century. It is only in the very last decade that the trend had been reversed. The shift to emigration had been preceded by a process of various internal migrations. They were encouraged by the liberation of the four districts - Vranje, Nis, Pirot and Toplic - in which the acquiring new properties was substantially encouraged by the Agrarian Law (1880) and through agrarian loans (1882). A significant portion of the migrants coming from one of the liberated districts, Toplica, had come from the Krusevac District. Emigration from the Krusevac district, just like in the case of Rudnik and Uzice, was noticed by comtemporaries and subjected to inquiry. The Ministry of National Economy conducted a poll in 1902, testing how many residents had moved out from the mentioned three districts in the period between the liberation and the poll. The questions referred to their whereabouts, motivations and general chronology. The result of the inquest were reports detailing emigration from the Krusevac, Rudnik and Uzice districts. Within the archives reports for a total of 51 municipalities were preserved. The Krusevac, Rudnik and Uzice districts were composed out of 131 municipalities in total, so the preserved information encompasses a little under a half of the analyzed area. In total ca. 7.5 percent of the population had moved out of the relevant settlements. They were primarily motivated by the lack of land that can be cultivated (or at the very least, of insufficient quality). Agrarian overpopulation had been the principle motif for around 93.5 percent of the emigrants. It has been shown, relying on the agricultural data from the 1889, 1893, 1897, 1900, 1901 and 1902 census (for the entirety of Serbia), crops did not fulfill even the most basic needs of the population. Crop yield per resident in the Rudnik and Uzice district was the lowest of all and the situation was seldom dissimilar in the Krusevac district. The unsatisfactory agricultural output when it came to crops was likely impacted by unfavorable terrain. Therefore, it is hardly any wonder the emigrants had mostly been looking for new lands. Overpopulation was likewise confirmed by the specific dates and choice of settlement of the most frequent cases of migration. The liberation of the four districts and the demarcation had enticed a total of 25,09% of the total emigrants throughout 1878 and 1879. Subsequently, the Agrarian Relations Law additionally facilitated a total of 30,1% of emigrants in 1880.
{"title":"Contribution to the issue of internal migrations at the end of the 19th century","authors":"Marija Kralj","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2282319k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2282319k","url":null,"abstract":"Serbia had been an immigrant nation for the better part of the 19th century. It is only in the very last decade that the trend had been reversed. The shift to emigration had been preceded by a process of various internal migrations. They were encouraged by the liberation of the four districts - Vranje, Nis, Pirot and Toplic - in which the acquiring new properties was substantially encouraged by the Agrarian Law (1880) and through agrarian loans (1882). A significant portion of the migrants coming from one of the liberated districts, Toplica, had come from the Krusevac District. Emigration from the Krusevac district, just like in the case of Rudnik and Uzice, was noticed by comtemporaries and subjected to inquiry. The Ministry of National Economy conducted a poll in 1902, testing how many residents had moved out from the mentioned three districts in the period between the liberation and the poll. The questions referred to their whereabouts, motivations and general chronology. The result of the inquest were reports detailing emigration from the Krusevac, Rudnik and Uzice districts. Within the archives reports for a total of 51 municipalities were preserved. The Krusevac, Rudnik and Uzice districts were composed out of 131 municipalities in total, so the preserved information encompasses a little under a half of the analyzed area. In total ca. 7.5 percent of the population had moved out of the relevant settlements. They were primarily motivated by the lack of land that can be cultivated (or at the very least, of insufficient quality). Agrarian overpopulation had been the principle motif for around 93.5 percent of the emigrants. It has been shown, relying on the agricultural data from the 1889, 1893, 1897, 1900, 1901 and 1902 census (for the entirety of Serbia), crops did not fulfill even the most basic needs of the population. Crop yield per resident in the Rudnik and Uzice district was the lowest of all and the situation was seldom dissimilar in the Krusevac district. The unsatisfactory agricultural output when it came to crops was likely impacted by unfavorable terrain. Therefore, it is hardly any wonder the emigrants had mostly been looking for new lands. Overpopulation was likewise confirmed by the specific dates and choice of settlement of the most frequent cases of migration. The liberation of the four districts and the demarcation had enticed a total of 25,09% of the total emigrants throughout 1878 and 1879. Subsequently, the Agrarian Relations Law additionally facilitated a total of 30,1% of emigrants in 1880.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86386277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of analysis is the cause, mechanism and consequences of competition of interest groups in the political market. Two theoretical views are opposed. The central part is dedicated to Becker?s model of competition of pressure groups, which implies the improvement of social welfare, while the argumentation of public choice theory points to the partially opposite conclusion.
{"title":"Competition among interest group - mechanism and consequences","authors":"N. Tešić","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2282207t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2282207t","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of analysis is the cause, mechanism and consequences of competition of interest groups in the political market. Two theoretical views are opposed. The central part is dedicated to Becker?s model of competition of pressure groups, which implies the improvement of social welfare, while the argumentation of public choice theory points to the partially opposite conclusion.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73846177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Employee motivation and job satisfaction are the subject of numerous studies. This topic is an inexhaustible source of new knowledge and due to its relevance, it occupies the attention of many researchers. Modern business flows dictate the conditions from which new factors arise that encourage employee motivation and satisfaction. A satisfied worker is driven by enthusiasm that motivates him to achieve more effective work results. Such workers affect higher productivity, which contributes to more efficient achievement of organizational goals. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the impact of motivation and job satisfaction on business performance of employees. The results of the correlation analysis confirmed the existence of statistically significant relationships between the variables of motivation and job satisfaction and the variables of employee performance. The regression model indicated that employee motivation factors had the greatest impact on taking the initiative as employee performance. The variables of employee motivation that have made the largest individual contribution to employee performance are satisfactory remuneration and fair organizational policies and rules. The results of the regression analysis confirmed the greatest influence of job satisfaction factors on the variables innovation and creativity, while the greatest individual contribution was made by the variables effective communication with management, organizational culture, as well as interesting and exciting work. Based on the results of the t-test, a statistically significant difference was found when it comes to employee performance in relation to differences in years of service. The results of the research indicate the key factors of motivation and job satisfaction, the improvement of which can significantly improve the performance of its employees and make their work more productive.
{"title":"The influence of motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance","authors":"Milena Cvjetković","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2283443c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2283443c","url":null,"abstract":"Employee motivation and job satisfaction are the subject of numerous studies. This topic is an inexhaustible source of new knowledge and due to its relevance, it occupies the attention of many researchers. Modern business flows dictate the conditions from which new factors arise that encourage employee motivation and satisfaction. A satisfied worker is driven by enthusiasm that motivates him to achieve more effective work results. Such workers affect higher productivity, which contributes to more efficient achievement of organizational goals. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the impact of motivation and job satisfaction on business performance of employees. The results of the correlation analysis confirmed the existence of statistically significant relationships between the variables of motivation and job satisfaction and the variables of employee performance. The regression model indicated that employee motivation factors had the greatest impact on taking the initiative as employee performance. The variables of employee motivation that have made the largest individual contribution to employee performance are satisfactory remuneration and fair organizational policies and rules. The results of the regression analysis confirmed the greatest influence of job satisfaction factors on the variables innovation and creativity, while the greatest individual contribution was made by the variables effective communication with management, organizational culture, as well as interesting and exciting work. Based on the results of the t-test, a statistically significant difference was found when it comes to employee performance in relation to differences in years of service. The results of the research indicate the key factors of motivation and job satisfaction, the improvement of which can significantly improve the performance of its employees and make their work more productive.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77728947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among the many problems which follow the economies of countries around the world, and primarily countries in transition, the end of the first quarter of 2020 brought an unexpected scenario - pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic did not bypass the Republic of Serbia, nor her economy. Living in uncertainty and fearing for own life and families life, but also the people around them, not a small number of employees in the private sector were devoted to employers who did not suspend business during the state of emergency in the Republic of Serbia. However, the legislative framework of the Republic of Serbia does not seem to adequately recognize their devotion and sacrifice, as one of the key links in maintaining economic activity in extraordinary circumstances. Most of the provisions of both laws and bylaws passed before, but also during the declared state of emergency, have a very destructive effect on wages, and the right of private sector employees to use, dispose of and enjoy their entire, dignified wages. The right of employees to increase wages based on time spent at work for each full year of employment with the employer, past years of work, the right to payment of real food costs during work and the costs of arrival and departure from work, are just some of the more specific areas, provisions of which have long been on the side the ?will? of employers. That the previous practice was mostly maintained even during the state of emergency is evidenced by certain acts adopted in the midst of the crisis. Thus, the enabled fiscal benefits ?abduct? part of the wages of employees and give it to employers, and direct cash benefits create inequality between employees employed during the state of emergency and those that were not.
{"title":"Destructive reflections of the legislative framework of the Republic of Serbia on the wages of private sector employees as a reward to their devotion to the economy in crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic","authors":"T. Jovanović","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2283477j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2283477j","url":null,"abstract":"Among the many problems which follow the economies of countries around the world, and primarily countries in transition, the end of the first quarter of 2020 brought an unexpected scenario - pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic did not bypass the Republic of Serbia, nor her economy. Living in uncertainty and fearing for own life and families life, but also the people around them, not a small number of employees in the private sector were devoted to employers who did not suspend business during the state of emergency in the Republic of Serbia. However, the legislative framework of the Republic of Serbia does not seem to adequately recognize their devotion and sacrifice, as one of the key links in maintaining economic activity in extraordinary circumstances. Most of the provisions of both laws and bylaws passed before, but also during the declared state of emergency, have a very destructive effect on wages, and the right of private sector employees to use, dispose of and enjoy their entire, dignified wages. The right of employees to increase wages based on time spent at work for each full year of employment with the employer, past years of work, the right to payment of real food costs during work and the costs of arrival and departure from work, are just some of the more specific areas, provisions of which have long been on the side the ?will? of employers. That the previous practice was mostly maintained even during the state of emergency is evidenced by certain acts adopted in the midst of the crisis. Thus, the enabled fiscal benefits ?abduct? part of the wages of employees and give it to employers, and direct cash benefits create inequality between employees employed during the state of emergency and those that were not.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81087557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of the blue economy is a part of a new wave of economic thought that emphasizes the sustainable use of natural resources in the world?s oceans, seas and coastal areas. The blue economy, which is dominated by the principle of sustainability, is directly contrasted with the development of another cycle of linear exploitation of limited planetary resources. In contrast, a sustainable blue economy envisages economic activities such as greening shipping, coastal renewable energy, carbon sequestration, eco-tourism, genetic marine resources, sustainable aquaculture and the development of new seafood as new trends in the decades ahead. The paper analyzes the key postulates of the blue economy concept, as well as European experiences and challenges in this field, using the methods of theoretical analysis. Based on the empirical findings of the paper, the general conclusion is that the oceans, coastal areas and marine activities will play a crucial role for the economic and environmental future of the European Union and its citizens. The European blue economy can and must be a central and solid pillar that contributes to the general resilience of society itself. Overall, the European Union has recognized the importance of the blue economy in generating new jobs and achieving prosperity and security, but its potential has yet to be unlocked. What is important is that the affirmation of the concept of the blue economy takes place in the spirit of the fundamental principles of the 2020 strategy, according to which growth must be smart (with respect to integration of cutting edge science-based, innovative solutions and industrial leadership), sustainable (in economic, social and ecological terms tackling societal challenges) and inclusive (considering the multitude of coastal, marine and maritime activities and trade-offs between them). The general lesson is that the European institutions responsible for ocean health and safety must seriously consider an appropriate framework that allows the blue economy to thrive while maintaining high standards of sustainable development in line with the EU?s vision for a carbon-free society. When it comes to the European Union (and its members), the development of the sustainable and fair blue economy in the coming period should take place in accordance with the principles of the European Green Agreement, as a long-term strategy for sustainable growth, which will require: transformation of value chains of the blue economy in terms of moving away from linear business models to circular ones, with less resource consumption and waste; introduction of stricter measures against marine pollution, coastal waste and plastics; fossil fuel replacement; investing in biodiversity conservation; restoration and protection of ecosystems; promoting nature-based solutions and options and incubating marine renewable energy and innovative blue biotechnology. At the same time, all blue econom
{"title":"Blue economy: Concept research and review of the European Union","authors":"Zarko Djoric","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2282233d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2282233d","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of the blue economy is a part of a new wave of economic thought that emphasizes the sustainable use of natural resources in the world?s oceans, seas and coastal areas. The blue economy, which is dominated by the principle of sustainability, is directly contrasted with the development of another cycle of linear exploitation of limited planetary resources. In contrast, a sustainable blue economy envisages economic activities such as greening shipping, coastal renewable energy, carbon sequestration, eco-tourism, genetic marine resources, sustainable aquaculture and the development of new seafood as new trends in the decades ahead. The paper analyzes the key postulates of the blue economy concept, as well as European experiences and challenges in this field, using the methods of theoretical analysis. Based on the empirical findings of the paper, the general conclusion is that the oceans, coastal areas and marine activities will play a crucial role for the economic and environmental future of the European Union and its citizens. The European blue economy can and must be a central and solid pillar that contributes to the general resilience of society itself. Overall, the European Union has recognized the importance of the blue economy in generating new jobs and achieving prosperity and security, but its potential has yet to be unlocked. What is important is that the affirmation of the concept of the blue economy takes place in the spirit of the fundamental principles of the 2020 strategy, according to which growth must be smart (with respect to integration of cutting edge science-based, innovative solutions and industrial leadership), sustainable (in economic, social and ecological terms tackling societal challenges) and inclusive (considering the multitude of coastal, marine and maritime activities and trade-offs between them). The general lesson is that the European institutions responsible for ocean health and safety must seriously consider an appropriate framework that allows the blue economy to thrive while maintaining high standards of sustainable development in line with the EU?s vision for a carbon-free society. When it comes to the European Union (and its members), the development of the sustainable and fair blue economy in the coming period should take place in accordance with the principles of the European Green Agreement, as a long-term strategy for sustainable growth, which will require: transformation of value chains of the blue economy in terms of moving away from linear business models to circular ones, with less resource consumption and waste; introduction of stricter measures against marine pollution, coastal waste and plastics; fossil fuel replacement; investing in biodiversity conservation; restoration and protection of ecosystems; promoting nature-based solutions and options and incubating marine renewable energy and innovative blue biotechnology. At the same time, all blue econom","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81221381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Article 11 of the draft Serbian Civil Code establishes a precedent, i.e. the principle of environmental protection. It is manifested as an accessory popular civil duty erga omnes, a protected public good, and a means of civil rights? restriction. This paper investigates whether this new institution of civil law is necessary or at least opportune, purposeful and harmonized with positive law. The results of comparative and doctrinal insights indicate that the answers to these questions are affirmative. However, certain shortcomings of the proposed provision are found: the lack of a duty to restrain from environmental harm, the absence of the individual environmental right and the undefined impact on civil affairs and on the enjoyment of civil rights. Given the vague and blanket nature of the provision, these shortcomings can be remedied by broader interpretations and references to the rules of public and environmental law, ethics and intergenerational solidarity. This paper suggests another possibility, i.e. the intervention in the proposed text of the provision to complete the future civil law legislation and integrated environmental protection.
{"title":"Environmental protection in the draft civil code","authors":"Živorad Rašević","doi":"10.2298/zmsdn2282257r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2282257r","url":null,"abstract":"Article 11 of the draft Serbian Civil Code establishes a precedent, i.e. the principle of environmental protection. It is manifested as an accessory popular civil duty erga omnes, a protected public good, and a means of civil rights? restriction. This paper investigates whether this new institution of civil law is necessary or at least opportune, purposeful and harmonized with positive law. The results of comparative and doctrinal insights indicate that the answers to these questions are affirmative. However, certain shortcomings of the proposed provision are found: the lack of a duty to restrain from environmental harm, the absence of the individual environmental right and the undefined impact on civil affairs and on the enjoyment of civil rights. Given the vague and blanket nature of the provision, these shortcomings can be remedied by broader interpretations and references to the rules of public and environmental law, ethics and intergenerational solidarity. This paper suggests another possibility, i.e. the intervention in the proposed text of the provision to complete the future civil law legislation and integrated environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":40081,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Matice Srpske za Likovne Umetnosti-Matica Srpska Journal for Fine Arts","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89260172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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