Factores de riesgo para mortalidad en el niño gran quemado

Abstract

Introduction: severe burns may involve all organs and tissues of the human body, leading to a series of pathophysiological processes and even death. Objective: To determine risk factors for mortality in major burns children. Methods: a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Hospital Universitario de Pediatria "Dr. Agustin Zubillaga (Barquisimeto, Lara State, Venezuela) between 2010 to 2019. Results: a total of 116 children with major burns were included in the analysis. The mortality rate was 27.6 %. The factors associated with mortality were total burned surface area more than 35 %, burn full-thickness, mechanisms: flame, inhalation injury, weight loss during hospitalization greater than 15 %, and five or more red blood cell transfusions (RBCT). Through binary logistic regression was identified as predictors for mortality in major burn children: burn full-thickness (OR=11.736; CI-95%: 1.138 – 121.074; p = 0.039) and weight loss during hospitalization greater than 15 % (OR=22,257; CI-95 %: 2.783 - 178.024; p = 0.003). A significant increase in the risk of mortality among burn children according to five or more RBCT (p = 0.049) was observed as per the Kaplan-Meier method. Conclusions: Burn full thickness and weight loss during hospitalization greater than 15 % were identified as independent variables related to mortality in major burn children.