Phytochemical Screening and Antifungal Activity of Leaf Extracts of Prosopis africana and Anacardium occidentale against Macrophomina Root Rot of Sesamum indicum L. in Benue State, Central Nigeria

Modern Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 3 Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI:10.9734/bpi/magees/v3/6797d

M. Elaigwu, H. Oluma, A. Onekutu

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Abstract

This study investigated the antifungal activity of leaf extracts of Prosopis africana and Anacardium occidentale against Macrophomina phaseolina, the causal agent of root rot of Sesamum indicum L. Plants have been found to possess fungicidal properties against various phytopathogenic fungi. Phytochemical analysis of the two plants showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and anthraquinones in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and water extracts. The effectiveness of the two medicinal plants viz: P. africana and A. occidentale was tested against the causative agent of root rot of Sesamum indicum L. The effect of plant leaf extracts on mycelia growth of the test organism shows that both P. africana and A. anacardium reduced the mycelia growth significantly as compared to the control (Figs. 2, 3, 4). The antifungal property of P. africana and A. occidentale makes these plants of potential interest for the control of the fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina.

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尼日利亚中部贝努埃州非洲藜和西方藜叶提取物对芝麻大霉根腐病的植物化学筛选及抑菌活性研究

研究了非洲藜和西方藜叶提取物对芝麻根腐病病原相绿巨霉(Macrophomina phaseolina)的抑菌活性。研究发现，植物对多种植物病原真菌均有一定的抑菌活性。植物化学分析表明，两种植物的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、甲醇和水提取物中均含有生物碱、皂苷、单宁、黄酮类化合物和蒽醌类化合物。两种药用植物的功效分别是:研究人员对芝麻根部腐病病原进行了研究。植物叶片提取物对试验生物菌丝体生长的影响表明，与对照相比，非洲p.a africana和a.a anacardium的菌丝体生长均显著减少(图2、3、4)。非洲p.a africana和西方a.a occidentale的抗真菌特性使这些植物对控制phaseolina巨霉具有潜在的兴趣。

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Modern Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 3

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