Echoes of early-life stress on suicidal behavior in individuals with substance use disorder

Elton Brás Camargo-Júnior, Maria Neyrian de Fátima Fernandes, E. Gherardi-Donato
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Abstract

Introduction: Psychoactive substances abuse is considered a problematic social factor due its likelihood to cause harmful, self-destructive behaviors to the subjects and the overall society. Stress in an individual's early life may also be a contributing factor to substance abuse as well as suicide attempts. There is a lack of studies examining these factors in people with substance-use disorder. Aim: to identify the relationship between early-life stress and suicide attempts in drug-dependent adults. Methods: This is a predictive correlational study with a cross-sectional approach. The convenience sample consisted of 105 individuals treated at an outpatient unit for addiction treatment. The participants were assessed using the Mini-international Neuropsychiatric Interview, a Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to measure the severity of the different types of early life stress; the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was also used. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The analyzed sample included 33 (31.4%) individuals who attempted suicide and were significantly more likely to suffer from emotional, physical, or sexual abuse than those who had never attempted suicide (p <0,05). Conclusions: Different forms of early-life stress are related to attempted suicide in people with substance-use disorder. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of early-life stress on suicide attempts in drug-dependent people.
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物质使用障碍患者早期生活压力对自杀行为的影响
精神活性物质滥用被认为是一个有问题的社会因素,因为它可能对受试者和整个社会造成有害的、自我毁灭的行为。个人早期生活中的压力也可能是导致药物滥用和自杀企图的一个因素。缺乏对药物使用障碍患者中这些因素的研究。目的:确定药物依赖成人早期生活压力与自杀企图之间的关系。方法:采用横断面方法进行预测相关性研究。便利样本包括105名在门诊接受成瘾治疗的个体。采用小型国际神经精神病学访谈和儿童创伤问卷对参与者进行评估,以衡量不同类型的早期生活压力的严重程度;贝克自杀意念量表也被使用。通过单变量和多变量逻辑回归,对数据进行描述性和推断性统计分析。结果:分析样本包括33名(31.4%)有自杀企图的个体,他们比那些从未有过自杀企图的个体更有可能遭受情感、身体或性虐待(p < 0.05)。结论:不同形式的早期生活压力与物质使用障碍患者的自杀未遂有关。需要进一步的研究来了解早期生活压力对药物依赖者自杀企图的影响。
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