Temporomandibular joint - An anatomical view

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most intricate and complicated loading joints found in humans. TMJ is also called the mandibular joint; it is an ellipsoid variety of the left and right synovial joints which form a bicondylar articulation. The components of this joint are a fibrous capsule, a disk, synovial membrane, fluid, and tough adjacent ligaments. The mandible and the cranium are mechanically two different components; therefore, the appropriate term for this joint is the craniomandibular articulation. It is not possible to understand the accurate points of occlusion without a thorough knowledge of the biomechanics, physiology, and anatomy of TMJ. The primary necessity for successful occlusal treatment is steady and comfortable TMJ. This understanding of the TMJ is the foundation to diagnosis and treatment of almost everything a dentist does.