Methods of Pain Self-Care Used by Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the methods of pain self-care used by patients in Türkiye with chronic musculoskeletal pain who could not access a healthcare provider during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Materials and Methods: A total of 255 participants (mean age 40.8±13.2 years) diagnosed with chronic musculoskeletal pain were included in the study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a form created by the researchers were used to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and methods of pain management. Results: The primary site of symptoms during the previous 12-month period was the low back, neck, and upper back regions (69%, 64.7%, and 60% respectively). The detailed assessment revealed that in the prior 7 days, patients experienced symptoms most often in the lower back (56.9%), upper back (45.1%), and neck (43.9%). The most frequently used methods of pain self-care were massage (71%), pain relief medication (68.2%), and topical analgesics (55.3%). Conclusion: Patients most often reported symptoms in the spinal area, and the most used means of self-care for pain management were massaging the painful area, pain medication, and topical analgesics. Self-care initiatives can be very valuable, however, at least some initial guidance from health professionals is advisable. Additional exploration of technological means of intervention and awareness of appropriate self-care could be of substantial benefit individuals and society.