Dimensions of personhood in cultural heritage: Who (or what) gets to be called a person?

Brian Dobreski, B. Kwasnik
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Abstract

We examine the notion of “person” in cultural heritage settings (libraries, museums, and archives) and how this notion has implications for their function and purpose. Variations in the way persons are described, represented, and discussed have taken on new significance in emerging online environments predicated on reusing and sharing data from disparate sources. We start with a representative sample of systems and tools used for organizing knowledge in tangible cultural heritage, including metadata standards, conceptual models, and web data models, and for each, analyze their formal definitions of personhood. We asked what characteristics of a person are important in each of these definitions, and what might be the reasons for any variations among them. An analysis of the definitions themselves revealed five dimensions of personhood: life, actuality, biology, agency, and individuality. Using this framework along with the general literature on personhood we then describe the possible reasons, both historical and practical, for the definitions, their dimensions, and the differences among them. Finally, we speculate on the implications of such differences for emerging information environments.
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文化遗产中的人格维度:谁(或什么)可以被称为人?
我们研究了文化遗产环境(图书馆、博物馆和档案馆)中“人”的概念,以及这个概念如何影响它们的功能和目的。在基于重用和共享来自不同来源的数据的新兴在线环境中,描述、表示和讨论人员的方式的变化具有新的意义。我们从一个用于组织物质文化遗产知识的系统和工具的代表性样本开始,包括元数据标准、概念模型和网络数据模型,并分析它们对人格的正式定义。我们询问了在这些定义中,一个人的哪些特征是重要的,以及它们之间存在差异的原因是什么。对这些定义本身的分析揭示了人格的五个维度:生活、现实、生物学、能动性和个性。利用这一框架以及关于人格的一般文献,我们然后描述了这些定义、它们的维度以及它们之间的差异的可能的历史和现实原因。最后,我们推测这些差异对新兴信息环境的影响。
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