Detection of cervical human papillomavirus in women attending for cervical cancer screening by visual inspection in Cte d Ivoire

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix. In Cote d'Ivoire, cervical cancer screening program based on visual inspection is the gold standard. This study aimed to detect high risk (HR) HPV DNA on women attending cervical cancer screening program based on visual inspection after application of acid acetic and Lugol. From March to December 2015, cervical samples from women attending cervical screening were tested for some HR to HPV. HPV DNA was amplified using PGMY09 /11 primers which generated 450 base pairs at the L1 region in which the samples harboring HPV DNA were genotyped using the multiplex PCR with HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45 and 51 primers. The mean age of this population was 32 years and of about 339 women enrolled on visual inspection, 6.19% were positive. HPV DNA was obtained in 9.73 of the population in which 31 of 33 samples (93.93.%) of HPV DNA+ were genotyped using multiplex PCR testing for HPV 16,18, 31, 33, 35, 45 and 51, of those women with HPV DNA+; 28.57% had a single infection while 71.43% had a multiple infection. HPV genotypes prevalence followed: HPV 16 (30.00%), HPV 18 (25.00%), HPV35 (20.00%), HPV 45 (20.00%), HPV 51 (3.30%) and HPV 33 (1.60%), by using PCR as gold standard while VIA sensitivity and specificity was 16.12 and 95.45%, respectively. HPV prophylactic vaccine would prevent 33.33% of HR HPV infection with 2v, 33.33% with the 4v and 66.66% with the 9v vaccines, respectively. In Cote d'Ivoire screening for cervical cancer with HR HPV testing and triaging for treatment with visual inspection would represent a very efficient prevention of cervical cancer program. Key words: Human papillomaviruses (HPV), genotypes, acetic acid (IVA), Cote d’Ivoire.