The effect of passive smoking on the structure of hepatocytes and the state of the microcirculatory bed in the liver in rats

Abstract

Smoking is an important social problem that greatly threatens the health of the population. The purpose of the study is to study the effect of smoking on the hepatobiliary system. Material and methods. We used 46 outbred white male rats. Control group - intact animals (n=10). Experimental rats: 1-animals were in an atmosphere of tobacco smoke for 7 days (n=12), 2-14 days (n=12), 3-for 21 days (n=12). Results. The greatest changes in the liver were noted in the third group - small foci of necrosis were detected, around which a perifocal inflammatory reaction occurred. There were signs of hydropic dystrophy and the presence of acidophilic lumps around the nuclei, thrombotic masses in the vessels. Signs of capillaryization of sinusoids were revealed. In all groups, the number of cells up to 10 m in diameter significantly increased. In animals of the 1st group in the central zones there was a tendency to increase the percentage of cells with a diameter of up to 10-20 microns, in the 2nd group it increased 3 times in the central and 2.6 times in the peripheral zones, and in the 3rd group - 3.4 times and in peripheral zones - 2.8 times (p0.001). There was a decrease in the number of cells with a diameter of up to 20-30 microns (%) in group 1, in group 2 in the central zones - 1.9 times, in peripheral - 1.5 times, in group 3 - 2.7 times, in peripheral 2 times (p0.001). The number of cells with a diameter of more than 30 microns has changed, the greatest changes were noted in the peripheral zones: in group 1.2 - a decrease of 2.7 times, in group 3 - 2.9 times. Conclusions. Under tobacco smoke intoxication in rats, dystrophic and necrobiotic changes occurred in the liver, a decrease in the number of binuclear cells, a decrease in the number of normal hepatocytes with a diameter of 2030 m, and an increase in the percentage of cells with a diameter of up to 10 m and 1020 m.