Organizational Routines Development and the Timing and Pace of Early Stage Internationalization

Masahiro Kotosaka
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Abstract

This research investigates the process in which smaller, younger internationalizing firms explore and exploit the required knowledge and capabilities. This research adopted an exploratory, case-based theorising approach, and conducted a longitudinal empirical case study of four firms, each of which took a different internationalization path. The analysis focuses on how the four firms developed the firm-level organizational routines for exploring and exploiting external knowledge and capabilities, by investigating and comparing the level of routines development at the time of initial internationalization and these two years after this. As a result, this research finds that the level of the development of the firm-level organizational routines for internationalization is low, regardless of the timing and pace of internationalization, at the time of internationalization. Further, by analyzing the complete list of knowledge sources and knowledge types, this research argues the advantages of grafting for developing a wider variety of firm-level organizational routines to accelerate the pace of internationalization. Moreover, the distinction between ordinal and change routines has enabled this study to investigate the exploitation aspect of capabilities, and discusses the value of analyzing the higher-level routines that foster the exploitation, which distinguish rapidly internationalizing firms from slowly internationalizing firms.
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组织惯例的发展与早期国际化的时机和步伐
本研究调查了规模较小、较年轻的国际化公司探索和利用所需知识和能力的过程。本研究采用探索性的、基于案例的理论分析方法,对四家国际化路径不同的企业进行了纵向实证案例研究。分析的重点是通过调查和比较最初国际化时和之后两年的惯例发展水平,四家公司是如何发展公司层面的组织惯例来探索和利用外部知识和能力的。因此,本研究发现,无论国际化的时间和速度如何,在国际化的时候,企业层面的国际化组织惯例的发展水平都很低。此外,通过分析知识来源和知识类型的完整列表,本研究论证了嫁接对于发展更广泛的企业层面组织惯例以加快国际化步伐的优势。此外,顺序惯例和变化惯例之间的区别使本研究能够研究能力的开发方面,并讨论了分析促进开发的高级惯例的价值,这区分了快速国际化的公司和缓慢国际化的公司。
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