A Review of 2,4-D Environmental Fate, Persistence and Toxicity Effects on Living Organisms

Abstract

2,4-D is one of the most used herbicides in the world. It has been used since 1940s and its popularity seems to be increasing. Due to its broad range of application and excessive usage, it has becoming a serious problem as it can cause pollution to the environment. Extensive researches have been done for 2,4-D but comparatively few for its derivatives. Therefore, in this review article, I focused on 2,4-D environmental fates, persistence and effects on living organisms. Hence, its toxicity levels, toxicity classification and ecotoxicity studies were reviewed based on available references. In this review article, also discussed the toxicity effects of 2,4-D on animals and humans.