Creating Anti-HIV-Infection effect by Synthesis of AuNPs from Rosa canina L. Fruit Extract

Abstract

AuNPs have been in the focal point of researchers’ attention for years because of high biocompatibility and adjustable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) [1]. In the recent years, many studies have been performed in producing AuNPs via green synthesis techniques, i.e. use of plants for producing AuNPs [2]. Green synthesis methods are eco-friendly and increase the biocompatibility of AuNPs [3]. A factor that gives rise to the highest difference between various gold nanoparticle characteristics is the size of synthesized AuNPs and their superficial compounds [4]. Rosa canina fruit extract has immunomodulatory characteristics with probable potential to be used in treatment of immunodeficiency diseases [5]. Rosa canina fruit extract, can reduce initial gold salt – chloroauric acid – and produce gold colloid. The major components of this plant are Vitispiran, 5-Methyl-3-hexanone, 2-Heptanone, Hexadecanoic and Dodecanoic acid, Linolic acid, α-E-Acaridial, Myristic acid, Benzaldehyde, α-pinene, 2-pentylfuran, 2,4-Heptadienal, 1,4-Epoxy-p-menthane, Salicylaldehyde, 2-Heptenol and Linalool [6]. In this research, nanoparticles were produced via a novel green method and capped with Rosa canina fruit extract. Then, the antiretroviral effects of these nanoparticles were investigated. Size stability of AuNPs in physiological condition (pH = 7.4) is the necessary condition for their application in medicine [7]. The stability of AuNPs produced using Rosa canina fruit extract and nanoparticles produced through the conventional sodium citrate reducing agent in pH = 7.4 was thus compared. After the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) enters the body and the blood circulatory system, its superficial glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, bind with receptors like CD4 and CCR5 on the surface of T-Lymphocytes. By sending its capsid into T-lymphocytes, this virus inducts its RNA together with enzymes, such as reverse transcriptase, integrase and protease into the cell, allowing them to start an operation that will force the T-cells to produce new HIVs. Because of the high infection volume of this disease, antiretroviral drugs are employed to control its advance. Most of these drugs are transcriptase inhibitors [8], integrase inhibitors [9] and protease inhibitors [10], although they cannot be completely effective, because of HIV’s resistance to drugs. The purpose of this study was to use the new reducing agent Rosa canina fruit extractto Volume 6 Issue 3 2017