Intraoperative superior hypogastric plexus block during cesarean section: a new technique for pain relief

Abstract

Abstract Background: With increasing cesarean section rates all around the world, postoperative pain management is an important issue for all women. Good postoperative pain management helps to shorten the recovery period of the mother, improve the mother’s feeling of well-being, enable good breastfeeding, and provide optimum maternal–neonatal bonding. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative superior hypogastric plexus block (SHPB) during cesarean section and describe the technique. Study design: This was a prospective quasi-experimental study that was conducted with 69 pregnant women at HSU. Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics between 15 March 2018 and 15 August 2018. The case group included 34 healthy pregnant women who received SHPB (SHPB+) for postoperative pain relief during cesarean section under general anesthesia, and the control group included 35 healthy pregnant women who did not receive SHPB during cesarean section with general anesthesia (SHPB−). Postoperative 1st hour, 6th hour, 12th hour, 24th hour, and 48th hour visual analog scale (VAS) scores, the amount of analgesics used for pain relief, and the time of the postoperative first gas extraction were assessed. Results: The SHPB (+) group had lower 1st hour VAS scores than the SHPB (−) group (p < .001). The mean postoperative 1st hour VAS score of the SHPB (+) group was 4.74 ± 1.44, and was 6.80 ± 2.08 for the SHPB (−) group. There were no differences in postoperative 6th hour, 12th hour, 24th hour, and 48th hour VAS scores between the groups. When the SHPB (+) and SHPB (−) groups were compared for postoperative analgesic use and for the first postoperative gas extraction time, the SHPB (+) group had lower analgesic use (p < .001), and the SHPB (−) group had earlier gas extraction. The mean analgesic use in the SHPB (+) group was 2.29 ± 1.11 and it was 4 ± 0.84 in SHPB (−) group. The mean gas extraction time for the SHPB (−) group was 18.03 ± 7.2 h, and was 24.56 ± 8.56 h for the SHPB (+) group (p = .001). Conclusion: SHPB performed intraoperatively in cesarean section procedures with general anesthesia is a simple, easy approach to perform during open surgery with direct vision. SHPB helps postoperative pain management extensively with low postoperative VAS scores and low analgesic requirement.