The livelihoods of local communities: Evidence success of mangrove conservation on the coastal of East Lombok Indonesia

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are natural resources in coastal areas that have their own ecological systems, and have contributed as a place for local people to get their daily needs. In this regard, the sustainability of mangroves is a necessity, so that people do not lose their livelihoods. The purpose of this paper is to assess the success of local scale mangrove conservation in its relationship as a place where people looking for the necessities of daily life. Data collected through direct observation, questionnaires, interviews and in-depth discussions. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Mangroves at the study location in their condition before 1980 had not yet been damaged but after that, there was conversion of mangrove land into salt fields, expansion of settlements and shrimp farms. In the early 1990s, mangrove was planted. The results show that a significant number of people who are directly dependent are those who are looking for shellfish, mangrove crabs, shrimp and fish as livelihoods. In addition, community groups that have indirect impacts are those who look for small shrimp in coastal waters as raw material for shrimp paste. In conclusion, the local scale mangrove conservation efforts can be a solution for the livelihoods of local communities. Therefore, a local scale conservation models can add or become a policy choice on a broader scale to maintain the existence of a mangrove ecological system for the environmental and economic needs of the community.Mangrove ecosystems are natural resources in coastal areas that have their own ecological systems, and have contributed as a place for local people to get their daily needs. In this regard, the sustainability of mangroves is a necessity, so that people do not lose their livelihoods. The purpose of this paper is to assess the success of local scale mangrove conservation in its relationship as a place where people looking for the necessities of daily life. Data collected through direct observation, questionnaires, interviews and in-depth discussions. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Mangroves at the study location in their condition before 1980 had not yet been damaged but after that, there was conversion of mangrove land into salt fields, expansion of settlements and shrimp farms. In the early 1990s, mangrove was planted. The results show that a significant number of people who are directly dependent are those who are looking for shellfish, mangrove crabs, shrimp ...