Estimation of substance distribution in the soil-plant system (on the example of crop species)

L. Belykh, S. Timofeeva
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Abstract

Assessment of the distribution of nutrients and pollutants in the soil-plant system is a relevant theoretical and applied task in biogeochemistry, agrochemistry and environmental biotechnology. Pointwise, average and extreme values of the concentration of the studied substance in the plant (Cp) and in the soil (Cs), as well as biological absorption coefficients (Kab=Cp /Cs), do not characterize the distribution of the studied substance in the system. This work investigates the effect of substance concentration in a soil on its distribution between the plant and the soil. The use of the Cp=f(Cs) and Kab=f(Cs) functions for describing the substance content in the plant depending on its concentration in the soil, allowed us to propose approaches to quantitative assessment of the distribution process. The first approach consists in the approximation of dependences by Freundlich and Langmuir linear or adsorption power functions Cp=f(Cs), on which basis the concentration parameters of а, 1Кр, Кр, С∞are determined. These parameters are used to study the mechanism and intensity of substance accumulation by a plant. The second approach includes obtaining a power function Kab=f(Cs) or its linear representation lgKab=f(lgCs) and calculating standardized coefficients Kab. These coefficients are sensitive at low (1, 10) and limiting at high (100, 1000) concentrations of the studied substance in the soil. The example of benz(a)pyrene, fluorine and zinc, i.e., substances different in terms of their physical, chemical and biological properties, was applied to demonstrate the process of determining the absolute and relative accumulation of the substances by different crop species. A comparison of different plants was conducted; possible mechanisms of the distribution of the studied substances and their intensity are considered.
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土壤-植物系统中物质分布的估算(以作物品种为例)
评价土壤-植物系统中养分和污染物的分布是生物地球化学、农业化学和环境生物技术的相关理论和应用课题。从点上看,所研究物质在植物(Cp)和土壤(Cs)中的浓度的平均值和极值,以及生物吸收系数(Kab=Cp /Cs)并不能表征所研究物质在系统中的分布。这项工作研究了土壤中物质浓度对植物和土壤之间物质分布的影响。使用Cp=f(Cs)和Kab=f(Cs)函数描述植物中物质含量取决于其在土壤中的浓度,使我们能够提出定量评估分布过程的方法。第一种方法是通过Freundlich和Langmuir线性或吸附幂函数Cp=f(Cs)逼近依赖关系,在此基础上确定了_,1Кр, Кр, С∞的浓度参数。这些参数用于研究植物物质积累的机制和强度。第二种方法包括获得幂函数Kab=f(Cs)或其线性表示lgKab=f(lgCs)并计算标准化系数Kab。这些系数对土壤中所研究物质的低浓度(1,10)敏感,对高浓度(100,1000)有限制。以苯(a)芘、氟和锌为例,即在物理、化学和生物特性方面不同的物质,说明了确定不同作物种类对这些物质的绝对和相对积累的过程。对不同植物进行了比较;考虑了所研究物质的分布及其强度的可能机制。
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