Exploration of Swampland Plants in South Kalimantan and the Toxicity Test Against Armyworms (Spodoptera sp.)

Abstract

This research aims  explored  swampland plants in South Kalimantan which have potential as a botanical pesticides and compared the levels of toxicity between the swampland plants extracts     against armyworms ( Spodoptera sp). The exploration of plants that have the potential as botanical pesticides was carried out in the swamps of South Kalimantan, while the toxicity test was carried out in the Basic Laboratory of  the Kalimantan Islamic University of  Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin. The research  was carried out by exploring plants that have the potential as botanical pesticides carried out by collecting samples of swampland plants in South Kalimantan which are commonly used by rural communities as materials for controlling insects such as mosquitoes and plant pests, plants used for traditional medicine, plants used for kill animals for example to find fish. The plants found identified to species level, at least to the family level, then a toxicity test were carried out to determine the LC 50 by probit analysis. The results of this research showed that there are 3 plant spesies of plant that have the potential as botanical pesticide, namely karamunting ( Melastoma malabathricum ); gelinggang ( Cassia alata ); and galam ( Melaleuca cajuputi ). The basis for the selection of South Kalimantan swampland plants is plants that are commonly used by the community as an ingredient for controlling insects such as mosquitoes and plant pests. The highest levels of toxicity between the extracts of all swampland plants in South Kalimantan to armyworms ( Spodoptera sp) were galam ( Melaleuca cajuputi ) with 429.04 g/l of LC 50 ; then karamunting ( Melastoma malabathricum ) with 447.995 g/l LC 50, while the lowest toxicity was gelinggang ( Cassia alata ) with 498.301 g/l LC 50 . Key words: Probit analysis, LC 50 , toxicity, exploration, swampland