Lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) as a prototype organic material for gas sensors: comparative electrical and spectroscopic studies to optimize O2 and NO2 sensing
{"title":"Lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) as a prototype organic material for gas sensors: comparative electrical and spectroscopic studies to optimize O2 and NO2 sensing","authors":"H. Mockert, S. Schmeisser, W. Göpel","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87068-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Results are reported for the ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) preparation of PbPc thin-film samples (<em>d</em> < 1000 nm) on single-crystal SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substrates. During the first exposure of the UHV-prepared thin-films to air, their conductivities increase by orders to magnitude due to incorporation of O<sub>2</sub> in the bulk. In addition, small amounts of surface OH groups are formed, which are a prerequisite for subsequent reversible conductivity changes in sensor applications. The elemental composition and changes in the valence-band structure are characterized by XPS and UPS. Corresponding conductivity measurements show reverible changes upon O<sub>2</sub> exposure at temperatures between 423 and 473 K. Optimized measuring conditions for the use of these thin-film structures for quantitative O<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> monitoring are reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 2","pages":"Pages 159-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1989-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87068-4","citationCount":"81","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sensors and Actuators","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0250687489870684","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 81
Abstract
Results are reported for the ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) preparation of PbPc thin-film samples (d < 1000 nm) on single-crystal SiO2 and Al2O3 substrates. During the first exposure of the UHV-prepared thin-films to air, their conductivities increase by orders to magnitude due to incorporation of O2 in the bulk. In addition, small amounts of surface OH groups are formed, which are a prerequisite for subsequent reversible conductivity changes in sensor applications. The elemental composition and changes in the valence-band structure are characterized by XPS and UPS. Corresponding conductivity measurements show reverible changes upon O2 exposure at temperatures between 423 and 473 K. Optimized measuring conditions for the use of these thin-film structures for quantitative O2 and NO2 monitoring are reported.
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