The effect of integration of photovoltaic generation on South Africa grid

Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) has become the alternative form of clean energy generation world-wide. Many power utilities have embraced this alternative source of power generation and integrating the power to the grid. This research study provides insights on the effects of high levels of Photovoltaic (PV) generation integration on the utility grid with particular emphasis on the South African utility grid. The trend and growth of PV generation in South Africa is explained. The Equivalent Newton-Raphson Circuit (ENRC) is used to study the characteristics of PV generation. Applying this model enables electromagnetic transient studies with the application of electromagnetic software to be performed. The effect of changes in irradiation and temperature on the voltage and power output is investigated. In order to simulate on a larger scale an aggregated PV generator model is used to test the response on the power network with incremental integration levels of PV generation. Simulation results show that the PV power and voltage injected into the grid is influenced by the pattern of the irradiation. The study will assist system operators and planners with the necessary tools and processes in the management of the grid as the grid connected PV generation is anticipated to grow in South Africa.