Nuclear Technique Applications Vis-A-Vis Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition: An Overview

A. M. Shah, T. I. Shah, Shaista Nazir, I. Khan, S. Bangroo, M. Chesti, A. M. Aezum, A. R. Malik, Y. H. Mir, Hujjat Ul-Baligha, Aabiroo Rashid, Gowhar Mir
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Abstract

Nuclear techniques in agriculture encircle the exploitation of isotopic and radiation techniques to contend with diseases and pests,upsurge production of crops, water, and land resource protection, safeguard food safety in hand with authenticity and elevate theproduction of livestock. Nuclear techniques intend to ease trials regarding food security, safety, and sustainable agriculture development.Nuclear techniques in the circle of agriculture have paid significantly to the growth of isotopic techniques to assess soil deteriorationapart from the creation of effective soil and land conservation approaches. These interventions encompass fallout radionuclides encircling137Cs, 210Pb and 7Be and compound specific stable lsotopes (CSSI) techniques. The sensitive estimates of total N2 fixation across thegrowth cycle of leguminous crops reside in the isotopic method application with the employment of a stable 15N isotope, usually atenrichment as well as natural abundance levels. The utilization of Oxygen-18 and Hydrogen-2 aids to study the utilization of plant water,the quantification of agricultural transpiration, and the development of tactics to boost crop productivity, minimize unproductive lossesof water, and check water as well as land degradation. For the comprehension of biological courses and mechanisms of ecosystemfunctioning, nuclear-based approaches are supportive tools, not a replacement for conventional techniques. As a result, a thoroughassessment of the demand for employing a nuclear/isotopic technique, as well as selection of an apt isotopic technique, is required,taking into account the objective of research, facilities and expertise accessible, and affiliated risks in view of safe conduct and disposalof menacing constituents in addition to the financial considerations.
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核技术在土壤肥力和植物营养方面的应用综述
农业核技术包括利用同位素和辐射技术防治病虫害,提高作物产量,保护水资源和土地资源,保障食品安全,提高畜牧业生产。核技术旨在简化有关粮食安全、安全和可持续农业发展的试验。核技术在农业领域的应用,除了创造了有效的土壤和土地保护方法外,还极大地促进了同位素技术的发展,以评估土壤退化。这些干预措施包括围绕137cs, 210Pb和7Be的沉降放射性核素以及化合物特定稳定同位素(CSSI)技术。豆科作物在整个生长周期中对总氮固定的敏感估计存在于同位素方法的应用中,使用稳定的15N同位素,通常在富集和自然丰度水平上。氧-18和氢-2的利用有助于研究植物水分的利用,农业蒸腾的量化,以及制定提高作物生产力、减少非生产性水分损失、防止水和土地退化的策略。为了理解生态系统功能的生物学过程和机制,基于核的方法是辅助工具,而不是传统技术的替代品。因此,需要对采用核/同位素技术的需求进行彻底评估,并选择合适的同位素技术,同时考虑到研究目标、可获得的设施和专门知识,以及考虑到安全行为和处置威胁成分的相关风险,此外还要考虑到财务方面的考虑。
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