Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Ion‐Selective Membranes

Abstract

Controlling selective ion transport is core for developing novel membrane technologies for high‐efficiency ion separation and energy conversion, and biosensing applications. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), an emerging family of porous crystalline materials with permanent porosity, Ångstrom‐sized pores and various functional sites, have been recently found to share some similar pore structures and functionalities analogous to biological ion channels. Extensive efforts have been made to develop new strategies for the construction of MOF‐based ion‐selective membranes for efficient ion separation and energy harvesting. Herein, in this progress report, the rational strategies for fabrication of MOF‐based membranes are introduced first, followed by the analysis of their capabilities for selective ion transport. Then, the applications of MOF‐based ion‐selective membranes for ion separation and energy conversion are discussed in detail. Finally, a summary and some recommendations for future directions in the field are presented.