The strategic design of traditional coating materials has long been pivotal in broadening their range of applications. In this work, europium-doped TiO2 coatings are grown in situ on the surface of titanium substrate using plasma electrolytic oxidation technology. The core reaction took no more than five minutes. Incorporating europium into the coating preserved the inherent corrosion resistance of PEO coatings while imparting anticipated thermal-sensitive luminescence capabilities. The intrinsic emission of TiO2 and the characteristic emission of Eu3+ (5D0 → 7F2) are employed as the self-reference for the LIR thermometry. The absolute and relative temperature sensitivity of the coating reached 0.0087 K−1 and 0.739% K−1, respectively. Notably, the coating exhibited a signal discriminability of up to 5100 cm−1 and a temperature uncertainty of only 0.18 K, which is comparable to some TiO2: Eu nanoparticles. The ingenious fusion of corrosion resistance and thermal-sensitive luminescence of the coating not only makes it a classic protective structure but also facilitates its applicability to diverse scenarios, including optical thermometry in extreme environments.
{"title":"Plasma-Generated Luminescent Coatings: Innovations in Thermal Sensitivity and Corrosion Resistance","authors":"Ziyao Wang, Baochen Wang, Xinyao Yang, Hui Li, Ruiyu Mi, Yangai Liu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401136","url":null,"abstract":"The strategic design of traditional coating materials has long been pivotal in broadening their range of applications. In this work, europium-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings are grown in situ on the surface of titanium substrate using plasma electrolytic oxidation technology. The core reaction took no more than five minutes. Incorporating europium into the coating preserved the inherent corrosion resistance of PEO coatings while imparting anticipated thermal-sensitive luminescence capabilities. The intrinsic emission of TiO<sub>2</sub> and the characteristic emission of Eu<sup>3+</sup> (<sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub>) are employed as the self-reference for the LIR thermometry. The absolute and relative temperature sensitivity of the coating reached 0.0087 K<sup>−1</sup> and 0.739% K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Notably, the coating exhibited a signal discriminability of up to 5100 cm<sup>−1</sup> and a temperature uncertainty of only 0.18 K, which is comparable to some TiO<sub>2</sub>: Eu nanoparticles. The ingenious fusion of corrosion resistance and thermal-sensitive luminescence of the coating not only makes it a classic protective structure but also facilitates its applicability to diverse scenarios, including optical thermometry in extreme environments.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aquatic animals can perceive their surrounding flow fields through highly evolved sensory systems. For instance, a seal whisker array understands the hydrodynamic field that allows seals to forage and navigate in dark environments. In this work, a deep learning-assisted underwater triboelectric whisker sensor array (TWSA) is designed for the 3D motion estimation and near-field perception of unmanned underwater vehicles. Each sensor comprises a high aspect ratio elliptical whisker shaft, four sensing units at the root of the elliptical whisker shaft, and a flexible corrugated joint simulating the skin on the cheek surface of aquatic animals. The TWSA effectively identifies flow velocity and direction in the 3D underwater environments and exhibits a rapid response time of 19 ms, a high sensitivity of 0.2V/ms−1, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 58 dB. The device also locks onto the frequency of the upstream wake vortex, achieving a minimal detection accuracy of 81.2%. Moreover, when integrated with an unmanned underwater vehicle, the TWSA can estimate 3D trajectories assisted by a trained deep learning model, with a root mean square error of ≈0.02. Thus, the TWSA-based assisted perception holds immense potential for enhancing unmanned underwater vehicle near-field perception and navigation capabilities across a wide range of applications.
{"title":"Deep-Learning-Assisted Triboelectric Whisker Sensor Array for Real-Time Motion Sensing of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle","authors":"Bo Liu, Bowen Dong, Hao Jin, Peng Zhu, Zhaoyang Mu, Yuanzheng Li, Jianhua Liu, Zhaochen Meng, Xinyue Zhou, Peng Xu, Minyi Xu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401053","url":null,"abstract":"Aquatic animals can perceive their surrounding flow fields through highly evolved sensory systems. For instance, a seal whisker array understands the hydrodynamic field that allows seals to forage and navigate in dark environments. In this work, a deep learning-assisted underwater triboelectric whisker sensor array (TWSA) is designed for the 3D motion estimation and near-field perception of unmanned underwater vehicles. Each sensor comprises a high aspect ratio elliptical whisker shaft, four sensing units at the root of the elliptical whisker shaft, and a flexible corrugated joint simulating the skin on the cheek surface of aquatic animals. The TWSA effectively identifies flow velocity and direction in the 3D underwater environments and exhibits a rapid response time of 19 ms, a high sensitivity of 0.2<i>V</i>/<i>ms</i><sup>−1</sup>, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 58 dB. The device also locks onto the frequency of the upstream wake vortex, achieving a minimal detection accuracy of 81.2%. Moreover, when integrated with an unmanned underwater vehicle, the TWSA can estimate 3D trajectories assisted by a trained deep learning model, with a root mean square error of ≈0.02. Thus, the TWSA-based assisted perception holds immense potential for enhancing unmanned underwater vehicle near-field perception and navigation capabilities across a wide range of applications.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Misagh Rezapour Sarabi, Sara Soltanabadi Farshi, Zeynep Saltik, Saba Khosbakht, Nesimi Buyukbabani, Orhan Agcaoglu, Secil Vural, Metin Sitti, Savas Tasoglu
Different skin diseases, such as cancers, inflammatory conditions, and bacterial infections, manifest at distinct skin depths. Microneedle arrays, recognized for their painless and minimally invasive drug administration, can be customized to penetrate these layers simultaneously. Here, the design of the microneedles (MNs) in nonlinear ways with diverse needle heights on the array enabling concurrent drug delivery to various skin layers is engineered. Additionally, varying the base diameter of the needles in the array facilitates prolonged or intermittent drug release, depending on the biodegradation kinetics of these needles. MNs, microfabricated with a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, are validated by skin administration. The nonlinear design of the MNs on the array introduces a novel perspective on addressing skin diseases at varying depths of the skin.
{"title":"Long-Lasting Simultaneous Epidermal and Dermal Microneedle-Enabled Drug Delivery","authors":"Misagh Rezapour Sarabi, Sara Soltanabadi Farshi, Zeynep Saltik, Saba Khosbakht, Nesimi Buyukbabani, Orhan Agcaoglu, Secil Vural, Metin Sitti, Savas Tasoglu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400980","url":null,"abstract":"Different skin diseases, such as cancers, inflammatory conditions, and bacterial infections, manifest at distinct skin depths. Microneedle arrays, recognized for their painless and minimally invasive drug administration, can be customized to penetrate these layers simultaneously. Here, the design of the microneedles (MNs) in nonlinear ways with diverse needle heights on the array enabling concurrent drug delivery to various skin layers is engineered. Additionally, varying the base diameter of the needles in the array facilitates prolonged or intermittent drug release, depending on the biodegradation kinetics of these needles. MNs, microfabricated with a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, are validated by skin administration. The nonlinear design of the MNs on the array introduces a novel perspective on addressing skin diseases at varying depths of the skin.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suyeon Lee, Hyochul Kim, Goohwan Kim, Hyungbin Son, Un Jeong Kim
Spectral discrimination by animal visions such as human, bird, and butterfly is numerically compared by angular analysis of photo-response (PR) which will be recorded at photo-receptors. Hyperspectral imaging system is utilized to simulate various animal vision. Bird vision is acute to discriminate colors among different vegetables due to its evenly spaced and narrow spectral responsivity of photo-receptors compared to that of human. Butterfly vision is excellent in discriminating red tomato ripening due to the exclusive photo-receptors detecting only over 600 nm. Even real and fake fruits in the same perceived color for human is discriminated by bird vision. Artificial vision with finely resolved polychromatic artificial cone cells are demonstrated surpassing human vision using visible multispectral camera. This provides insights on designing novel bio-inspired vision system.
{"title":"Spectral Analysis on Color Detection Sharpness of Animal Vision toward Polychromatic Vision System","authors":"Suyeon Lee, Hyochul Kim, Goohwan Kim, Hyungbin Son, Un Jeong Kim","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400671","url":null,"abstract":"Spectral discrimination by animal visions such as human, bird, and butterfly is numerically compared by angular analysis of photo-response (<i>PR</i>) which will be recorded at photo-receptors. Hyperspectral imaging system is utilized to simulate various animal vision. Bird vision is acute to discriminate colors among different vegetables due to its evenly spaced and narrow spectral responsivity of photo-receptors compared to that of human. Butterfly vision is excellent in discriminating red tomato ripening due to the exclusive photo-receptors detecting only over 600 nm. Even real and fake fruits in the same perceived color for human is discriminated by bird vision. Artificial vision with finely resolved polychromatic artificial cone cells are demonstrated surpassing human vision using visible multispectral camera. This provides insights on designing novel bio-inspired vision system.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanghyeok Lee, Taejun Sul, Unsoo Kim, Sohee Kim, Ji Eon Chae, Junsoo Kim, Sang Moon Kim, Segeun Jang, Sanghyeok Lee
For cost reduction and environmental-friendly manufacturing, it is highly demanded to replace the current perfluorinated sulfonic acid-based membrane in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with inexpensive and readily available hydrocarbon-based (HC) membranes. However, HC membranes suffer from profound dimensional changes caused by swelling and shrinking during operation, especially in automotive applications. These changes lead to severe mechanical degradation and shorten the service life of PEMFC. Herein, a multibar coating system is developed to manufacture HC/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite membrane. This system facilitates capillary-rise infiltration with the aid of an optimal amount of residual alcohol solvent on the PTFE. To address compatibility issues between PTFE and HC-ionomer solutions, the effects of residual alcohol solvent on tuning the PTFE surface are investigated by controlling systemic parameters and performing diverse mechanical, optical, and electrochemical measurements. Based on its enhanced mechanical toughness (≈30.04%) and superior impregnation properties, the constructed HC/PTFE composite membrane exhibited more than seven-fold improvement in mechanical durability under repeated accelerated wet–dry conditions compared with an unsupported pristine HC membrane while also mitigating performance loss (≈5.84%).
为了降低成本和实现环保生产，人们强烈要求在聚合物电解质膜燃料电池（PEMFCs）中用廉价易得的碳氢化合物（HC）膜取代目前的全氟磺酸基膜。然而，碳氢化合物膜在运行过程中，尤其是在汽车应用中，会因膨胀和收缩而产生严重的尺寸变化。这些变化会导致严重的机械退化，缩短 PEMFC 的使用寿命。在此，我们开发了一种多棒涂层系统，用于制造碳氢化合物/聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合膜。借助 PTFE 上的最佳残留酒精溶剂量，该系统可促进毛细管上升渗透。为了解决聚四氟乙烯与 HC 离子溶液之间的兼容性问题，我们通过控制系统参数和进行各种机械、光学和电化学测量，研究了残留酒精溶剂对聚四氟乙烯表面的调节作用。基于其增强的机械韧性（≈30.04%）和卓越的浸渍特性，与无支撑的原始碳氢化合物膜相比，所构建的碳氢化合物/聚四氟乙烯复合膜在反复加速干湿条件下的机械耐久性提高了七倍多，同时还减少了性能损失（≈5.84%）。
{"title":"Hydrocarbon-Based Ionomer/PTFE-Reinforced Composite Membrane Through Multibar Coating Technique for Durable Fuel Cells","authors":"Sanghyeok Lee, Taejun Sul, Unsoo Kim, Sohee Kim, Ji Eon Chae, Junsoo Kim, Sang Moon Kim, Segeun Jang, Sanghyeok Lee","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400669","url":null,"abstract":"For cost reduction and environmental-friendly manufacturing, it is highly demanded to replace the current perfluorinated sulfonic acid-based membrane in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with inexpensive and readily available hydrocarbon-based (HC) membranes. However, HC membranes suffer from profound dimensional changes caused by swelling and shrinking during operation, especially in automotive applications. These changes lead to severe mechanical degradation and shorten the service life of PEMFC. Herein, a multibar coating system is developed to manufacture HC/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite membrane. This system facilitates capillary-rise infiltration with the aid of an optimal amount of residual alcohol solvent on the PTFE. To address compatibility issues between PTFE and HC-ionomer solutions, the effects of residual alcohol solvent on tuning the PTFE surface are investigated by controlling systemic parameters and performing diverse mechanical, optical, and electrochemical measurements. Based on its enhanced mechanical toughness (≈30.04%) and superior impregnation properties, the constructed HC/PTFE composite membrane exhibited more than seven-fold improvement in mechanical durability under repeated accelerated wet–dry conditions compared with an unsupported pristine HC membrane while also mitigating performance loss (≈5.84%).","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dynamic memristors are considered as the optimal hardware devices for reservoir computing (RC) enabled by their nonlinear conductance variations. This significantly reduces the extensive training workload typically required by traditional neural networks. Lead halide perovskites, with their tunable band structure and active ion migration properties, have emerged as highly promising materials for developing dynamic memristors. However, large-scale and consistently stable production remains a challenge for perovskite functional films, while lead elements' toxicity and environmental impact also partly restrict their practical device utilization. In this work, lead-free copper-based perovskite (i.e., CsCu2I3) films are prepared by thermal evaporation for constructing dynamic memristors. The effective conductivity modulation of CsCu2I3-based memristor can be utilized in artificial neural networks, achieving a high handwritten digit recognition accuracy of 91.2%. In addition, the RC system is also constructed based on the dynamic behavior of the devices, by which a letter recognition accuracy of 98.2% with simple training is achieved. This technology provides a feasible pathway to construct copper-based perovskite dynamic memristors for future neural network information processing.
{"title":"Evaporated Copper-Based Perovskite Dynamic Memristors for Reservoir Computing Systems","authors":"Ruiheng Wang, He Shao, Jianyu Ming, Wei Yang, Jintao Sun, Benxin Liu, Siqi Wu, Haifeng Ling","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400838","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic memristors are considered as the optimal hardware devices for reservoir computing (RC) enabled by their nonlinear conductance variations. This significantly reduces the extensive training workload typically required by traditional neural networks. Lead halide perovskites, with their tunable band structure and active ion migration properties, have emerged as highly promising materials for developing dynamic memristors. However, large-scale and consistently stable production remains a challenge for perovskite functional films, while lead elements' toxicity and environmental impact also partly restrict their practical device utilization. In this work, lead-free copper-based perovskite (i.e., CsCu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>3</sub>) films are prepared by thermal evaporation for constructing dynamic memristors. The effective conductivity modulation of CsCu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>3</sub>-based memristor can be utilized in artificial neural networks, achieving a high handwritten digit recognition accuracy of 91.2%. In addition, the RC system is also constructed based on the dynamic behavior of the devices, by which a letter recognition accuracy of 98.2% with simple training is achieved. This technology provides a feasible pathway to construct copper-based perovskite dynamic memristors for future neural network information processing.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advancements in biomedical research have spurred the development of stretchable electronic devices. While soft insulators are readily available, soft conductors with metal‐like electrical conductivity are rare. Gallium and its alloys, being nontoxic and intrinsically stretchable, are potentially ideal solutions. However, current additive liquid metal (LM) patterning methods face limitations in achieving high‐throughput, high‐resolution, and high‐density LM wiring. Here, a subtractive LM patterning method is developed to meet all these requirements simultaneously. The innovative method involves parallel filling a single continuous microfluidic mesh network with LM that short‐circuits all the pins and pads of a circuit, followed by parallel cutting of the unwanted short‐circuited interconnections using hydrochloric acid (HCl) vapor. Cutting locations are pre‐defined by designing narrower intersecting channels, leveraging capillary force for precise filling and cutting. The process is characterized using a multidimensional parametric study with varying LM line widths and HCl concentrations, and in situ impedance measurements to assess insulation performance. To showcase its high‐throughput capabilities, a mock circuit is used to successfully generate complex LM interconnects that connected hundreds of electrical pads. Finally, a stretchable LM circuit with a micro‐LED array is fabricated to demonstrate the practical application of this technology for massively parallel wiring in stretchable electronics.
{"title":"A Subtractive Method to Chemically Pattern Liquid Metal for Stretchable Circuits","authors":"Kaushal Sumaria, Tingyi “Leo” Liu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401200","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in biomedical research have spurred the development of stretchable electronic devices. While soft insulators are readily available, soft conductors with metal‐like electrical conductivity are rare. Gallium and its alloys, being nontoxic and intrinsically stretchable, are potentially ideal solutions. However, current additive liquid metal (LM) patterning methods face limitations in achieving high‐throughput, high‐resolution, and high‐density LM wiring. Here, a subtractive LM patterning method is developed to meet all these requirements simultaneously. The innovative method involves parallel filling a single continuous microfluidic mesh network with LM that short‐circuits all the pins and pads of a circuit, followed by parallel cutting of the unwanted short‐circuited interconnections using hydrochloric acid (HCl) vapor. Cutting locations are pre‐defined by designing narrower intersecting channels, leveraging capillary force for precise filling and cutting. The process is characterized using a multidimensional parametric study with varying LM line widths and HCl concentrations, and in situ impedance measurements to assess insulation performance. To showcase its high‐throughput capabilities, a mock circuit is used to successfully generate complex LM interconnects that connected hundreds of electrical pads. Finally, a stretchable LM circuit with a micro‐LED array is fabricated to demonstrate the practical application of this technology for massively parallel wiring in stretchable electronics.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"208 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lijun Zhou, Sidharth S. Menon, Xinqi Li, Miqin Zhang, Mohammad H. Malakooti
In healthcare, blood pH and glucose levels are critical indicators, especially for chronic conditions like diabetes. Although taking blood samples is accurate, it is invasive and unaffordable for many. Wearable sensors offer non‐invasive and continuous detection methods, yet face major challenges, such as high cost, inaccuracies, and complex interpretation. Colorimetric wearable sensors integrated with machine learning (ML) are introduced for accurately detecting pH values and glucose concentrations in sweat. These battery‐free and cost‐effective biosensors, made of cotton textiles, are designed to work seamlessly with smartphones for data collection and automated analysis. A new pH indicator is synthesized with enhanced sensitivity and two types of glucose sensors are developed by depositing enzymatic solutions onto cotton substrates. The sensors' performance is assessed using standard solutions with known pH levels ranging from 4 to 10 and glucose concentrations between 0.03 to 1 mm. The photos captured from these sensors are then analyzed by image processing and three different ML algorithms, achieving an accuracy of 90% in pH and glucose detection. These findings provide effective synthesis methods for textile‐based sweat sensors and demonstrate the significance of employing different ML algorithms for their colorimetric analysis, thus eliminating the need for human intervention in the process.
在医疗保健领域，血液 pH 值和葡萄糖水平是至关重要的指标，尤其是对糖尿病等慢性疾病而言。虽然采集血样是准确的，但对许多人来说是侵入性的，而且负担不起。可穿戴传感器提供了非侵入性的连续检测方法，但也面临着高成本、不准确和复杂解释等重大挑战。本文介绍了与机器学习（ML）集成的比色可穿戴传感器，用于准确检测汗液中的 pH 值和葡萄糖浓度。这些免电池、高性价比的生物传感器由棉纺织品制成，可与智能手机无缝配合，用于数据收集和自动分析。通过在棉基质上沉积酶溶液，合成了一种灵敏度更高的新型 pH 指示剂，并开发了两种类型的葡萄糖传感器。使用已知 pH 值在 4 到 10 之间、葡萄糖浓度在 0.03 到 1 mm 之间的标准溶液，对传感器的性能进行了评估。然后通过图像处理和三种不同的 ML 算法对这些传感器拍摄的照片进行分析，pH 值和葡萄糖检测的准确率达到 90%。这些发现为基于纺织品的汗液传感器提供了有效的合成方法，并证明了采用不同的 ML 算法进行比色分析的意义，从而消除了在此过程中的人工干预需求。
{"title":"Machine Learning Enables Reliable Colorimetric Detection of pH and Glucose in Wearable Sweat Sensors","authors":"Lijun Zhou, Sidharth S. Menon, Xinqi Li, Miqin Zhang, Mohammad H. Malakooti","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401121","url":null,"abstract":"In healthcare, blood pH and glucose levels are critical indicators, especially for chronic conditions like diabetes. Although taking blood samples is accurate, it is invasive and unaffordable for many. Wearable sensors offer non‐invasive and continuous detection methods, yet face major challenges, such as high cost, inaccuracies, and complex interpretation. Colorimetric wearable sensors integrated with machine learning (ML) are introduced for accurately detecting pH values and glucose concentrations in sweat. These battery‐free and cost‐effective biosensors, made of cotton textiles, are designed to work seamlessly with smartphones for data collection and automated analysis. A new pH indicator is synthesized with enhanced sensitivity and two types of glucose sensors are developed by depositing enzymatic solutions onto cotton substrates. The sensors' performance is assessed using standard solutions with known pH levels ranging from 4 to 10 and glucose concentrations between 0.03 to 1 m<jats:sc>m</jats:sc>. The photos captured from these sensors are then analyzed by image processing and three different ML algorithms, achieving an accuracy of 90% in pH and glucose detection. These findings provide effective synthesis methods for textile‐based sweat sensors and demonstrate the significance of employing different ML algorithms for their colorimetric analysis, thus eliminating the need for human intervention in the process.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ifra Marriam, Mike Tebyetekerwa, Hifza Aamna Memon, Hiran Chathuranga, Jindi Yang, Kaige Sun, Dewei Chu, Cheng Yan
Wearable electronics are surging for various applications ranging from critical functions like personal health monitoring to communication and entertainment. To power these electronic devices, advanced high‐performing textile‐based batteries are reckoned. In this work, a 1D textile yarn battery is designed using silicon (Si) nanoparticles wrapped in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as an anode and layered Ni‐rich material Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 (NCM) as a cathode. The anode materials design is selected to ensure the use of Si due to its high specific capacity but suppressing its known issue of volume expansion by layered MoS2 nanosheets and, at the same time, MoS2 providing channels for lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) transport during electrochemical cycles. The NCM cathode, on the other hand, is adopted as it has higher energy density and improved cycle life. The full yarn battery (FYB) delivered an excellent electrochemical performance (areal capacity of 3.13 mAh cm−2, power density of 421 mW cm−3, and energy density of 78.9 mWh cm−3) with a capacity retention of 86% at 0.1 C and coulombic efficiency of 91.3%. This work pointed out a new way to design and fabricate textile‐based batteries with high‐performance materials using simple, cost‐effective, and scalable approaches targeting to be used as energy sources for future wearable electronics.
{"title":"1D Textile Yarn Battery with MoS2@Si Anode and NCM Cathode","authors":"Ifra Marriam, Mike Tebyetekerwa, Hifza Aamna Memon, Hiran Chathuranga, Jindi Yang, Kaige Sun, Dewei Chu, Cheng Yan","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400753","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable electronics are surging for various applications ranging from critical functions like personal health monitoring to communication and entertainment. To power these electronic devices, advanced high‐performing textile‐based batteries are reckoned. In this work, a 1D textile yarn battery is designed using silicon (Si) nanoparticles wrapped in molybdenum disulfide (MoS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) as an anode and layered Ni‐rich material Li[Ni<jats:sub>0.8</jats:sub>Co<jats:sub>0.1</jats:sub>Mn<jats:sub>0.1</jats:sub>]O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (NCM) as a cathode. The anode materials design is selected to ensure the use of Si due to its high specific capacity but suppressing its known issue of volume expansion by layered MoS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanosheets and, at the same time, MoS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> providing channels for lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) transport during electrochemical cycles. The NCM cathode, on the other hand, is adopted as it has higher energy density and improved cycle life. The full yarn battery (FYB) delivered an excellent electrochemical performance (areal capacity of 3.13 mAh cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>, power density of 421 mW cm<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>, and energy density of 78.9 mWh cm<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>) with a capacity retention of 86% at 0.1 C and coulombic efficiency of 91.3%. This work pointed out a new way to design and fabricate textile‐based batteries with high‐performance materials using simple, cost‐effective, and scalable approaches targeting to be used as energy sources for future wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ricardo Brito‐Pereira, Rita Policia, André S. Macedo, Carmen R Tubio, Joel Borges, Senentxu Lanceros‐Mendez
The increasing environmental impact from electronic waste (e‐waste) has prompted research into sustainable materials for biodegradable and transient electronics. Although some progress has been achieved, further improvement in terms of performance and sustainability is needed. This study introduces a humidity sensor composed of biodegradable poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide acid) (PDLG) in novel and multi‐structural morphologies. It highlights the role of the sensors’ microscopic structural features in their performance, particularly in humidity sensitivity, to maximize the retention and detection of water molecules. Techniques such as electrospinning and electrospray are used to achieve specific fiber and sphere morphologies. Oxygen plasma treatments tuned their surface hydrophilicity, enhancing moisture interaction. Physicochemical characterization revealed that plasma‐treated morphologies lost up to 93% of their weight after six weeks, demonstrating high sensor degradation. Functional tests showed that the sphere‐based sensor exhibited low hysteresis (0.19%), high sensitivity (3.9 × 10⁷ MΩ/% RH), excellent repeatability, and fast response time (0.43s) in the 60−95% RH range. Additionally, NaCl functionalization further improved detection sensitivity and extended the detection range down to 30% RH. The biodegradable nature of the PDLG sensors allows their natural decomposition into eco‐friendly by‐products, minimizing their environmental impact, and addressing the environmental challenges associated with e‐waste.
{"title":"Multi‐Structural and Biodegradable Humidity Sensors with Enhanced Surface Hydrophilicity","authors":"Ricardo Brito‐Pereira, Rita Policia, André S. Macedo, Carmen R Tubio, Joel Borges, Senentxu Lanceros‐Mendez","doi":"10.1002/admt.202401038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202401038","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing environmental impact from electronic waste (e‐waste) has prompted research into sustainable materials for biodegradable and transient electronics. Although some progress has been achieved, further improvement in terms of performance and sustainability is needed. This study introduces a humidity sensor composed of biodegradable poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide acid) (PDLG) in novel and multi‐structural morphologies. It highlights the role of the sensors’ microscopic structural features in their performance, particularly in humidity sensitivity, to maximize the retention and detection of water molecules. Techniques such as electrospinning and electrospray are used to achieve specific fiber and sphere morphologies. Oxygen plasma treatments tuned their surface hydrophilicity, enhancing moisture interaction. Physicochemical characterization revealed that plasma‐treated morphologies lost up to 93% of their weight after six weeks, demonstrating high sensor degradation. Functional tests showed that the sphere‐based sensor exhibited low hysteresis (0.19%), high sensitivity (3.9 × 10⁷ MΩ/% RH), excellent repeatability, and fast response time (0.43s) in the 60−95% RH range. Additionally, NaCl functionalization further improved detection sensitivity and extended the detection range down to 30% RH. The biodegradable nature of the PDLG sensors allows their natural decomposition into eco‐friendly by‐products, minimizing their environmental impact, and addressing the environmental challenges associated with e‐waste.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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