Osseointegration in Zirconia Implants Stumbling into Evidence

Abstract

Osseointegration is a critical factor for the clinical success of any oral implants. The unique characteristics of zirconia as a material for dental implants being high toughness and strength, aesthetic factor, excellent osseointegration behaviour and biocompatibility. Implants with rough surface favour bone anchoring, biomechanical stability, increased bone implant contact and removal torque or push in strength values compared to smooth surface implants. Greyish discoloration of peri-implant mucosa is a challenge especially in anterior titanium implant restoration. Zirconia abutments customized for single crown showed excellent survival for 5 years. Restoring single tooth and up to 3 adjacent missing teeth with zirconia implants are compatible to titanium implants. Evidence exists on improved osseointegration on surface modification of zirconia implants with enhanced cell response. Zirconia implants with modified surface displays features of osseointegration similar to titanium implants. Results are promising for dental application in future.