Anticoagulación terapéutica en pacientes críticamente enfermos con SARS-CoV-2: A propósito de una serie de casos

Abstract

Thromboembolic events related to SARS-CoV-2 in critically ill patients occur with great frequency according to the current literature. Taking into account the mortality rate related to thrombotic events, it is important to elucidate the role of therapeutic anticoagulation in this entity.

Objective

To characterize therapeutic anticoagulation in patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.

Materials and methods

Descriptive study of a retrospective case series made up of patients older than 18 years in the ICU of a hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by RT-PCR test. Patients with therapeutic anticoagulation were included and those with coagulopathy and antithrombotic treatment prior to COVID-19 infection were excluded.

Results

A total of 174 patients met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Arterial hypertension was the pathology with the highest presentation with 47.1%. Unfractionated heparin was administered to 115 and low molecular weight heparin to 59. Adverse reactions derived from treatment represented 6.32% of the population. Regarding thromboembolic events, they were 37.36%, where deep vein thrombosis (DVT) predominated with 14.9%.

Conclusion

Hemorrhagic events occurred less frequently compared to thrombotic events, however, more clinical and analytical studies are needed to corroborate this approach.