Thermal Parameters Measurement of Carp Caviar as a Freeze Object and a Lecithin Source

Abstract

Increasing the raw materials deep processing efficiency for commercial fish farming, including freshwater fish caviar of the carp family that demonstrates low demand on the Russian market, is an important and urgent task. In the modern context, Russian food industry needs high quality natural emulsifiers, for example, lecithin. The research aim is to determine the thermophysical characteristics, cryoscopic temperature, refrigeration object density and the amount of frozen moisture in it, depending on its temperature variation. The study object is carp caviar. A man found the temperature variation during carp caviar freezing using an experimental stand, containing a specialized ThermoChart program for constructing thermograms. The authors determined caviar material density dependence on its temperature in the range from −18 to 5 °C: with an increase in temperature, its density raised to 1,071 kg/m³ monotonously at Tcr = −0.91 °C and then changed up to 5 °C ordinary. An obtained thermophysical characteristics values analysis of carp caviar, which is a high-moisture product, demonstrates that its freezing is accompanied by the latent crystallization heat release, depending on a decrease in the study object temperature and due to the proton bonds presence at the sample microlevel. A man can use obtained data in the freezing processes calculation and refrigeration equipment design; and utilize the semi-finished product to extract lecithin.